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Traditional reinforcement learning-based robotic control methods are often task-specific and fail to generalize across diverse environments or unseen objects and instructions. Visual Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate strong scene…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Qi Sun , Pengfei Hong , Tej Deep Pala , Vernon Toh , U-Xuan Tan , Deepanway Ghosal , Soujanya Poria

While end-to-end Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation, fine-tuning them on narrow control data often compromises the profound reasoning capabilities inherited from their base…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tianshuo Yang , Guanyu Chen , Yutian Chen , Zhixuan Liang , Yitian Liu , Zanxin Chen , Chunpu Xu , Haotian Liang , Jiangmiao Pang , Yao Mu , Ping Luo

Vision-language models (VLMs) allow to embed texts and images in a shared representation space. However, it has been shown that these models are subject to a modality gap phenomenon meaning there exists a clear separation between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 François Role , Sébastien Meyer , Victor Amblard

Humans can perceive and reason about spatial relationships from sequential visual observations, such as egocentric video streams. However, how pretrained models acquire such abilities, especially high-level reasoning, remains unclear. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Baining Zhao , Ziyou Wang , Jianjie Fang , Chen Gao , Fanhang Man , Jinqiang Cui , Xin Wang , Xinlei Chen , Yong Li , Wenwu Zhu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promise in embodied reasoning, yet remain far from true generalists-they often require task-specific fine-tuning, incur high compute costs, and generalize poorly to unseen tasks. We propose MetaVLA,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen Li , Zhantao Yang , Han Zhang , Fangyi Chen , Chenchen Zhu , Anudeepsekhar Bolimera , Marios Savvides

In Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN), an embodied agent needs to reach a target destination with the only guidance of a natural language instruction. To explore the environment and progress towards the target location, the agent must…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Federico Landi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Massimiliano Corsini , Rita Cucchiara

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically bridge the gap between perceptual and action spaces by pre-training a large-scale Vision-Language Model (VLM) on robotic data. While this approach greatly enhances performance, it also incurs…

Vision-Language models (VLMs) have excelled in the image-domain -- especially in zero-shot settings -- thanks to the availability of vast pretraining data (i.e., paired image-text samples). However for videos, such paired data is not as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Kumara Kahatapitiya , Anurag Arnab , Arsha Nagrani , Michael S. Ryoo

While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show strong promise for generalist robot control, it remains unclear whether -- and under what conditions -- the standard "scale data" recipe translates to robotics, where training data is…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of vision-language tasks. However, their performance as embodied agents, which requires multi-round dialogue spatial reasoning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xunyi Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Qi Wu

Recent Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) advancements are promising, but their idealized assumptions about robot movement and control fail to reflect physically embodied deployment challenges. To bridge this gap, we introduce VLN-PE, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Liuyi Wang , Xinyuan Xia , Hui Zhao , Hanqing Wang , Tai Wang , Yilun Chen , Chengju Liu , Qijun Chen , Jiangmiao Pang

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) systems have demonstrated strong capabilities in embodied manipulation. However, most existing VLA policies rely on limited observation windows and end-to-end action prediction, which makes them brittle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhen Liu , Xinyu Ning , Zhe Hu , Xinxin Xie , Weize Li , Zhipeng Tang , Chongyu Wang , Zejun Yang , Hanlin Wang , Yitong Liu , Zhongzhu Pu

Image and language modeling is of crucial importance for vision-language pre-training (VLP), which aims to learn multi-modal representations from large-scale paired image-text data. However, we observe that most existing VLP methods focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Sunan He , Taian Guo , Tao Dai , Ruizhi Qiao , Chen Wu , Xiujun Shu , Bo Ren

Although LLMs demonstrate proficiency in several text-based reasoning and planning tasks, their implementation in robotics control is constrained by significant deficiencies: (1) LLM agents are designed to work mainly with textual inputs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Shuang Ao , Flora D. Salim , Simon Khan

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable general capabilities, yet embodied agents built on them fail at complex tasks, often skipping critical steps, proposing invalid actions, and repeating mistakes. These failures arise from a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Bingqing Wei , Zhongyu Xia , Dingai Liu , Xiaoyu Zhou , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang

Embodied agents operating in household environments must interpret ambiguous and under-specified human instructions. A capable household robot should recognize ambiguity and ask relevant clarification questions to infer the user intent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ram Ramrakhya , Matthew Chang , Xavier Puig , Ruta Desai , Zsolt Kira , Roozbeh Mottaghi

We introduce a novel self-improving framework that enhances Embodied Visual Tracking (EVT) with Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to address the limitations of current active visual tracking systems in recovering from tracking failure. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Kui Wu , Shuhang Xu , Hao Chen , Churan Wang , Zhoujun Li , Yizhou Wang , Fangwei Zhong

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown strong perception and reasoning abilities for instruction-following embodied agents. However, despite these abilities and their generalization performance, they still face limitations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jinsik Bang , Jaeyeon Bae , Donggyu Lee , Siyeol Jung , Taehwan Kim

The fundamental premise of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models is to harness the extensive general capabilities of pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for generalized embodied intelligence. However, standard robotic fine-tuning…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models are emerging as embodied foundation models for robotic manipulation, but their deployment introduces a new unlearning challenge: removing unsafe, spurious, or privacy-sensitive behaviors without degrading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ravi Ranjan , Agoritsa Polyzou