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As AI code assistants become increasingly integrated into software development workflows, understanding how their code compares to human-written programs is critical for ensuring reliability, maintainability, and security. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Domenico Cotroneo , Cristina Improta , Pietro Liguori

The rise of large language models for code has reshaped software development. Autonomous coding agents, able to create branches, open pull requests, and perform code reviews, now actively contribute to real-world projects. Their growing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Razvan Mihai Popescu , David Gros , Andrei Botocan , Rahul Pandita , Prem Devanbu , Maliheh Izadi

As AI systems gain increasing autonomy and execution capability, the number of discovered security vulnerabilities continues to rise. However, many of these vulnerabilities are not fundamentally novel, but instead reflect recurring classes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Xiaokui Shu , Jiyong Jang , Frederico Araujo , Ian Molloy

Since 2022, AI-powered coding assistants have produced contradictory evidence: controlled studies report 20-56% productivity gains on well-scoped tasks, while the most rigorous RCT documents a 19% slowdown for experienced developers, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sabry E. Farrag

An Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent is a software entity that autonomously performs tasks or makes decisions based on pre-defined objectives and data inputs. AI agents, capable of perceiving user inputs, reasoning and planning tasks, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zehang Deng , Yongjian Guo , Changzhou Han , Wanlun Ma , Junwu Xiong , Sheng Wen , Yang Xiang

With generative AI becoming widespread, the existence of AI-based programming assistants for developers is no surprise. Developers increasingly use them for their work, including generating code to fulfil the data protection requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Kashumi Madampe , John Grundy , Nalin Arachchilage

The rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models and applications has led to an increasingly complex security landscape. Developers of AI projects must contend not only with traditional software supply chain issues but also with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 The Anh Nguyen , Triet Huynh Minh Le , M. Ali Babar

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents are advancing quickly, with the increasing leveraging of LLM Agents to assist in development tasks such as code generation. While LLM Agents accelerate code generation, studies indicate they may introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Haoming Huang , Pongchai Jaisri , Shota Shimizu , Lingfeng Chen , Sota Nakashima , Gema Rodríguez-Pérez

Software Engineering 3.0 marks a paradigm shift in software development, in which AI coding agents are no longer just assistive tools but active contributors. While prior empirical studies have examined productivity gains and acceptance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Daniel Ogenrwot , John Businge

Enabled by the pull-based development model, developers can easily contribute to a project through pull requests (PRs). When creating a PR, developers can add a free-form description to describe what changes are made in this PR and/or why.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Zhongxin Liu , Xin Xia , Christoph Treude , David Lo , Shanping Li

Pull-based development has enabled numerous volunteers to contribute to open-source projects with fewer barriers. Nevertheless, a considerable amount of pull requests (PRs) with valid contributions are abandoned by their contributors,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-23 SayedHassan Khatoonabadi , Diego Elias Costa , Rabe Abdalkareem , Emad Shihab

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have become widely used for enhancing large language model capabilities, but they introduce significant security vulnerabilities through prompt injection attacks. We present a comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Badrinath Ramakrishnan , Akshaya Balaji

What makes safety claims about general purpose AI systems such as large language models trustworthy? We show that rather than the capabilities of security tools such as alignment and red teaming procedures, it is security practices based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Petr Spelda , Vit Stritecky

The rapid adoption of AI-powered coding assistants is transforming software development practices, yet systematic comparisons of their effectiveness across different task types and over time remain limited. This paper presents an empirical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Giovanni Pinna , Jingzhi Gong , David Williams , Federica Sarro

AI coding agents are rapidly transforming software engineering by performing tasks such as feature development, debugging, and testing. Despite their growing impact, the research community lacks a comprehensive dataset capturing how these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Hao Li , Haoxiang Zhang , Ahmed E. Hassan

In recent years, agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems are becoming increasingly widespread. These systems allow agents to use various tools, such as web browsers, compilers, and more. However, despite their popularity, agentic AI…

Large language model (LLM) based coding agents increasingly act as autonomous contributors that generate and merge pull requests, yet their real-world effects on software projects are unclear-especially compared with widely adopted…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Shyam Agarwal , Hao He , Bogdan Vasilescu

Embedded into information systems, artificial intelligence (AI) faces security threats that exploit AI-specific vulnerabilities. This paper provides an accessible overview of adversarial attacks unique to predictive and generative AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Naoto Kiribuchi , Kengo Zenitani , Takayuki Semitsu

Agent-based coding tools have transformed software development practices. Unlike prompt-based approaches that require developers to manually integrate generated code, these agent-based tools autonomously interact with repositories to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Suzuka Yoshimoto , Shun Fujita , Kosei Horikawa , Daniel Feitosa , Yutaro Kashiwa , Hajimu Iida

Pull request (PR) based development, which is a norm for the social coding platforms, entails the challenge of evaluating the contributions of, often unfamiliar, developers from across the open source ecosystem and, conversely, submitting a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Tapajit Dey , Audris Mockus