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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in a variety of applications, but concerns around membership inference have grown in parallel. Previous efforts focus on black-to-grey-box models, thus neglecting the potential benefit from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Luis Ibanez-Lissen , Lorena Gonzalez-Manzano , Jose Maria de Fuentes , Nicolas Anciaux , Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro

OpenLVLM-MIA is a new benchmark that highlights fundamental challenges in evaluating membership inference attacks (MIA) against large vision-language models (LVLMs). While prior work has reported high attack success rates, our analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Ryoto Miyamoto , Xin Fan , Fuyuko Kido , Tsuneo Matsumoto , Hayato Yamana

Generative audio models, based on diffusion and autoregressive architectures, have advanced rapidly in both quality and expressiveness. This progress, however, raises pressing copyright concerns, as such models are often trained on vast…

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) represent a promising alternative to autoregressive language models, using bidirectional masked token prediction. Yet their susceptibility to privacy leakage via Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuetian Chen , Kaiyuan Zhang , Yuntao Du , Edoardo Stoppa , Charles Fleming , Ashish Kundu , Bruno Ribeiro , Ninghui Li

Tabular data synthesis using diffusion models has gained significant attention for its potential to balance data utility and privacy. However, existing privacy evaluations often rely on heuristic metrics or weak membership inference attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Xiaoyu Wu , Yifei Pang , Terrance Liu , Steven Wu

Machine learning models have been shown to leak information violating the privacy of their training set. We focus on membership inference attacks on machine learning models which aim to determine whether a data point was used to train the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Shadi Rahimian , Tribhuvanesh Orekondy , Mario Fritz

Machine learning models, in particular deep neural networks, are currently an integral part of various applications, from healthcare to finance. However, using sensitive data to train these models raises concerns about privacy and security.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Haonan Shi , Tu Ouyang , An Wang

Model memorization has implications for both the generalization capacity of machine learning models and the privacy of their training data. This paper investigates label memorization in binary classification models through two novel passive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Mohammad Wahiduzzaman Khan , Sheng Chen , Ilya Mironov , Leizhen Zhang , Rabib Noor

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while keeping training data localized, allowing us to preserve privacy in various domains including remote sensing. However, recent studies show that FL models may still leak…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Anh-Kiet Duong , Petra Gomez-Krämer , Hoàng-Ân Lê , Minh-Tan Pham

In recent years, the widespread adoption of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS), particularly in sensitive environments, has raised considerable privacy concerns. Of particular importance are membership inference attacks (MIAs), which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Osama Zafar , Shaojie Zhan , Tianxi Ji , Erman Ayday

Deep learning models have an intrinsic privacy issue as they memorize parts of their training data, creating a privacy leakage. Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) exploit it to obtain confidential information about the data used for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Daniel Jiménez-López , Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso , M. Victoria Luzón , Francisco Herrera

Membership inference attacks allow a malicious entity to predict whether a sample is used during training of a victim model or not. State-of-the-art membership inference attacks have shown to achieve good accuracy which poses a great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu

Recent years have witnessed the tremendous success of diffusion models in data synthesis. However, when diffusion models are applied to sensitive data, they also give rise to severe privacy concerns. In this paper, we systematically present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Hailong Hu , Jun Pang

Deep learning has achieved overwhelming success, spanning from discriminative models to generative models. In particular, deep generative models have facilitated a new level of performance in a myriad of areas, ranging from media…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Dingfan Chen , Ning Yu , Yang Zhang , Mario Fritz

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are currently considered one of the main privacy attack strategies, and their defense mechanisms have also been extensively explored. However, there is still a gap between the existing defense approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xingli Fang , Jung-Eun Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) utilize large amounts of data for their training, some of which may come from copyrighted sources. Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) aim to detect those documents and whether they have been included in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Juliusz Janicki , Savvas Chamezopoulos , Evangelos Kanoulas , Georgios Tsatsaronis

Fine-tuned language models pose significant privacy risks, as they may memorize and expose sensitive information from their training data. Membership inference attacks (MIAs) provide a principled framework for auditing these risks, yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 David Ilić , David Stanojević , Kostadin Cvejoski

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a sample was part of a model's training set, posing serious privacy risks for modern machine-learning systems. Existing MIAs primarily rely on static indicators, such as loss or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Amit Kravchik Taub , Fred M. Grabovski , Guy Amit , Yisroel Mirsky

The wide adoption and application of Masked language models~(MLMs) on sensitive data (from legal to medical) necessitates a thorough quantitative investigation into their privacy vulnerabilities -- to what extent do MLMs leak information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah , Kartik Goyal , Archit Uniyal , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Reza Shokri

With the wide-spread application of machine learning models, it has become critical to study the potential data leakage of models trained on sensitive data. Recently, various membership inference (MI) attacks are proposed to determine if a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu