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Related papers: Generalization at the Edge of Stability

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In gradient descent dynamics of neural networks, the top eigenvalue of the loss Hessian (sharpness) displays a variety of robust phenomena throughout training. This includes early time regimes where the sharpness may decrease during early…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Dayal Singh Kalra , Tianyu He , Maissam Barkeshli

Given a target function $f$, how large must a neural network be in order to approximate $f$? Recent works examine this basic question on neural network \textit{expressivity} from the lens of dynamical systems and provide novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Clayton Sanford , Vaggos Chatziafratis

Recent studies have shown that gradient descent (GD) can achieve improved generalization when its dynamics exhibits a chaotic behavior. However, to obtain the desired effect, the step-size should be chosen sufficiently large, a task which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-25 Soon Hoe Lim , Yijun Wan , Umut Şimşekli

One of the most surprising puzzles in neural network generalisation is grokking: a network with perfect training accuracy but poor generalisation will, upon further training, transition to perfect generalisation. We propose that grokking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Vikrant Varma , Rohin Shah , Zachary Kenton , János Kramár , Ramana Kumar

We propose a new approach to apply the chaining technique in conjunction with information-theoretic measures to bound the generalization error of machine learning algorithms. Different from the deterministic chaining approach based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Ruida Zhou , Chao Tian , Tie Liu

Despite their massive size, successful deep artificial neural networks can exhibit a remarkably small difference between training and test performance. Conventional wisdom attributes small generalization error either to properties of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Chiyuan Zhang , Samy Bengio , Moritz Hardt , Benjamin Recht , Oriol Vinyals

Transitions to chaos in archetypal low-dimensional nonlinear maps offer real and precise model systems in which to assess proposed generalizations of statistical mechanics. The known association of chaotic dynamics with the structure of…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2014-09-29 Alberto Robledo

Generalization error bounds for deep neural networks trained by stochastic gradient descent (SGD) are derived by combining a dynamical control of an appropriate parameter norm and the Rademacher complexity estimate based on parameter norms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Mingze Wang , Chao Ma

Despite the widespread adoption of neural networks, their training dynamics remain poorly understood. We show experimentally that as the size of the dataset increases, a point forms where the magnitude of the gradient of the loss becomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Mark Lowell

In experiments, the dynamical behavior of systems is reflected in time series. Due to the finiteness of the observational data set it is not possible to reconstruct the invariant measure up to arbitrary fine resolution and arbitrary high…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Cencini , M. Falcioni , H. Kantz , E. Olbrich , A. Vulpiani

Grokking -- the delayed transition from memorization to generalization in small algorithmic tasks -- remains poorly understood. We present a geometric analysis of optimization dynamics in transformers trained on modular arithmetic. PCA of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yongzhong Xu

We propose a stochastic sampling approach to identify stability boundaries in general dynamical systems. The global landscape of Lyapunov exponent in multi-dimensional parameter space provides transition boundaries for stable/unstable…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-30 Motoki Nakata , Masaaki Imaizumi

The phenomenon of grokking in over-parameterized neural networks has garnered significant interest. It involves the neural network initially memorizing the training set with zero training error and near-random test error. Subsequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Hu Qiye , Zhou Hao , Yu RuoXi

Understanding the behavior of stochastic gradient methods is a central problem in modern machine learning. Recent work has highlighted diagonal linear networks as a simplified yet expressive setting for analyzing the optimization and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Begoña García Malaxechebarría , Courtney Paquette , Maryam Fazel , Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy

We investigate the boundary separating regular and chaotic dynamics in the generalized Chirikov map, an extension of the standard map with phase-shifted secondary kicks. Lyapunov maps were computed across the parameter space (K, K{\alpha},…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-16 Daniil Chernyshov , Arkady Satanin , Lev Shchur

We propose a mechanism which produces periodic variations of the degree of predictability in dynamical systems. It is shown that even in the absence of noise when the control parameter changes periodically in time, below and above the…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-22 A. Crisanti , M. Falcioni , G. Paladin , A. Vulpiani

An influential line of recent work has focused on the generalization properties of unregularized gradient-based learning procedures applied to separable linear classification with exponentially-tailed loss functions. The ability of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Matan Schliserman , Tomer Koren

Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the generalization of neural networks (NNs) trained by gradient descent (GD) using the algorithmic stability approach. However, most of the existing research has focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Di Wang , Yiming Ying , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Handling regime shifts and non-stationary time series in deep learning systems presents a significant challenge. In the case of online learning, when new information is introduced, it can disrupt previously stored data and alter the model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Matteo Benati , Alessandro Londei , Denise Lanzieri , Vittorio Loreto

Classical statistical learning theory predicts that overparameterized models should exhibit severe overfitting, yet modern deep neural networks with far more parameters than training samples consistently generalize well. This contradiction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zeran Johannsen