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An Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent is a software entity that autonomously performs tasks or makes decisions based on pre-defined objectives and data inputs. AI agents, capable of perceiving user inputs, reasoning and planning tasks, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zehang Deng , Yongjian Guo , Changzhou Han , Wanlun Ma , Junwu Xiong , Sheng Wen , Yang Xiang

As AI agents increasingly operate in complex environments, ensuring reliable, context-aware privacy is critical for regulatory compliance. Traditional access controls are insufficient because privacy risks often arise after access is…

This research paper explores the privacy and security threats posed to an Agentic AI system with direct access to database systems. Such access introduces significant risks, including unauthorized retrieval of sensitive information,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Raihan Khan , Sayak Sarkar , Sainik Kumar Mahata , Edwin Jose

AI agents can autonomously perform tasks and, often without explicit user consent, collect or disclose users' sensitive local data, which raises serious privacy concerns. Although AI agents' privacy policies describe their intended data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Ye Zheng , Yimin Chen , Yidan Hu

AI agents have been boosted by large language models. AI agents can function as intelligent assistants and complete tasks on behalf of their users with access to tools and the ability to execute commands in their environments. Through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Yifeng He , Ethan Wang , Yuyang Rong , Zifei Cheng , Hao Chen

AI agents are beginning to interact with each other directly and across internet platforms and physical environments, creating security challenges beyond traditional cybersecurity and AI safety frameworks. Free-form protocols are essential…

Autonomous UI agents powered by AI have tremendous potential to boost human productivity by automating routine tasks such as filing taxes and paying bills. However, a major challenge in unlocking their full potential is security, which is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Ivan Evtimov , Arman Zharmagambetov , Aaron Grattafiori , Chuan Guo , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents are increasingly capable of initiating financial transactions on behalf of users or other agents. This evolution introduces a fundamental challenge: verifying both the authenticity of an autonomous agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Vivek Acharya

Autonomous AI agents that can follow instructions and perform complex multi-step tasks have tremendous potential to boost human productivity. However, to perform many of these tasks, the agents need access to personal information from their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Arman Zharmagambetov , Chuan Guo , Ivan Evtimov , Maya Pavlova , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents are increasingly used in a variety of domains to automate tasks, interact with users, and make decisions based on data inputs. Ensuring that AI agents perform only authorized actions and handle inputs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Nadya Abaev , Denis Klimov , Gerard Levinov , David Mimran , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

As AI agents become increasingly autonomous and capable, ensuring their security against vulnerabilities such as prompt injection becomes critical. This paper explores the use of information-flow control (IFC) to provide security guarantees…

As AI systems gain increasing autonomy and execution capability, the number of discovered security vulnerabilities continues to rise. However, many of these vulnerabilities are not fundamentally novel, but instead reflect recurring classes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kevin Eykholt , Dhilung Kirat , Xiaokui Shu , Jiyong Jang , Frederico Araujo , Ian Molloy

As AI agents attempt to autonomously act on users' behalf, they raise transparency and control issues. We argue that permission-based access control is indispensable in providing meaningful control to the users, but conventional permission…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yuhao Wu , Ke Yang , Franziska Roesner , Tadayoshi Kohno , Ning Zhang , Umar Iqbal

Trigger-action platforms (TAPs) allow users to connect independent web-based or IoT services to achieve useful automation. They provide a simple interface that helps end-users create trigger-compute-action rules that pass data between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Yunang Chen , Amrita Roy Chowdhury , Ruizhe Wang , Andrei Sabelfeld , Rahul Chatterjee , Earlence Fernandes

Agentic AI systems are increasingly capable of performing professional and personal tasks with limited human involvement. However, tracking these developments is difficult because the AI agent ecosystem is complex, rapidly evolving, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Leon Staufer , Kevin Feng , Kevin Wei , Luke Bailey , Yawen Duan , Mick Yang , A. Pinar Ozisik , Stephen Casper , Noam Kolt

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) presents significant advancements but also introduces novel security challenges, particularly within agentic workflows where AI agents operate autonomously. These risks escalate in multi-agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Sunil Kumar Jang Bahadur , Gopala Dhar

AI agents are now running real transactions, workflows, and sub-agent chains across organizational boundaries without continuous human supervision. This creates a problem no current infrastructure is equipped to solve: how do you identify,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Takumi Otsuka , Kentaroh Toyoda , Alex Leung

The current "notice and consent" paradigm is broken: consent dialogues are often manipulative, and users cannot realistically read or understand every privacy policy. While recent LLM-based tools empower users seeking active control, many…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Vincent Freiberger

In recent years, agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems are becoming increasingly widespread. These systems allow agents to use various tools, such as web browsers, compilers, and more. However, despite their popularity, agentic AI…

AI agents today have passwords but no permission slips. They execute tool calls (fund transfers, database queries, shell commands, sub-agent delegation) with no standard mechanism to enforce authorization before the action executes. Current…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Uchi Uchibeke
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