English
Related papers

Related papers: Pause or Fabricate? Training Language Models for G…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language tasks, yet understanding their reasoning processes remains a significant challenge. We address this by introducing XplainLLM, a dataset accompanying an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zichen Chen , Jianda Chen , Ambuj Singh , Misha Sra

Process Reward Models (PRMs) aim to improve multi-step reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) by supervising intermediate steps and identifying errors. However, building effective PRMs remains challenging due to the lack of scalable,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yao Zhang , Yu Wu , Haowei Zhang , Weiguo Li , Haokun Chen , Jingpei Wu , Guohao Li , Zhen Han , Volker Tresp

Large language models often respond to ambiguous requests by implicitly committing to one interpretation, frustrating users and creating safety risks when that interpretation is wrong. We propose generating a single structured response that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Irina Saparina , Mirella Lapata

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly used for real-world tasks involving multi-step reasoning and long-form generation, where reliability requires grounding model outputs in heterogeneous input sources and verifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 David Wan , Han Wang , Ziyang Wang , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Hyunji Lee , Mohit Bansal

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework to overcome the knowledge limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external retrieval with language generation. While early RAG systems based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jintao Liang , Gang Su , Huifeng Lin , You Wu , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li

Although most of the automated theorem-proving approaches depend on formal proof systems, informal theorem proving can align better with large language models' (LLMs) strength in natural language processing. In this work, we identify a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yunhe Li , Hao Shi , Bowen Deng , Wei Wang , Mengzhe Ruan , Hanxu Hou , Zhongxiang Dai , Siyang Gao , Chao Wang , Shuang Qiu , Linqi Song

Large language models (LLMs) remain brittle on multi-hop question answering (MHQA), where answering requires combining evidence across documents through retrieval and reasoning. Iterative retrieval systems can fail by locking onto an early…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Xingyu Li , Rongguang Wang , Yuying Wang , Mengqing Guo , Chenyang Li , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Refusal-Aware Instruction Tuning (RAIT) aims to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by improving their ability to refuse responses to questions beyond their knowledge, thereby reducing hallucinations and improving reliability. Effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Runchuan Zhu , Zinco Jiang , Jiang Wu , Zhipeng Ma , Jiahe Song , Fengshuo Bai , Dahua Lin , Lijun Wu , Conghui He

While showing sophisticated reasoning abilities, large language models (LLMs) still struggle with long-horizon decision-making tasks due to deficient exploration and long-term credit assignment, especially in sparse-reward scenarios.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zican Hu , Wei Liu , Xiaoye Qu , Xiangyu Yue , Chunlin Chen , Zhi Wang , Yu Cheng

Recent work has shown that inference-time reasoning and reflection can improve text-to-image generation without retraining. However, existing approaches often rely on implicit, holistic critiques or unconstrained prompt rewrites, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 V. Kovalev , A. Kuvshinov , A. Buzovkin , D. Pokidov , D. Timonin

We introduce SIRI, Scaling Iterative Reinforcement Learning with Interleaved Compression, a simple yet effective RL approach for Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) that enables more efficient and accurate reasoning. Existing studies have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haoming Wen , Yushi Bai , Juanzi Li , Jie Tang

Large language models excel at complex tasks by breaking down problems into structured reasoning steps. However, reasoning traces often extend beyond reaching a correct answer, causing wasted computation, reduced readability, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Razvan-Gabriel Dumitru , Darius Peteleaza , Vikas Yadav , Liangming Pan

Reasoning-augmented machine learning systems have shown improved performance in various domains, including image generation. However, existing reasoning-based methods for image generation either restrict reasoning to a single modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yapeng Mi , Yanpeng Zhao , Hengli Li , Chenxi Li , Huimin Wu , Xiaojian Ma , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu , Qing Li

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive performance on complex, multi-step reasoning tasks, especially when post-trained with outcome-rewarded reinforcement learning Guo et al. 2025. However, it has been observed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Luoxin Chen , Yichi Zhou , Huishuai Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite their remarkable capabilities, are prone to generating hallucinated or outdated content due to their static internal knowledge. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrated with Reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhiwen Tan , Jiaming Huang , Qintong Wu , Hongxuan Zhang , Chenyi Zhuang , Jinjie Gu

Recently, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have been widely applied to reasoning tasks. However, they suffer from limited multi-rationale semantic modeling, insufficient logical robustness, and are susceptible to misleading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Chuang Yu , Jinmiao Zhao , Mingxuan Zhao , Yunpeng Liu , Xiujun Shu , Yuanhao Feng , Bo Wang , Xiangyu Yue

Large language models (LLMs) based on generative pre-trained Transformer have achieved remarkable performance on knowledge graph question-answering (KGQA) tasks. However, LLMs often produce ungrounded subgraph planning or reasoning results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Mufan Xu , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Min Zhang

In the context of multi-step reasoning, e.g., with chain-of-thought, language models (LMs) can easily assign a high likelihood to incorrect steps. As a result, decoding strategies that optimize for solution likelihood often yield incorrect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Muhammad Khalifa , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Lu Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective method of finding reasoning pathways in incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). To overcome the challenges of a large action space, a self-supervised pre-training method is proposed to warm up the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Ying Ma , Owen Burns , Mingqiu Wang , Gang Li , Nan Du , Laurent El Shafey , Liqiang Wang , Izhak Shafran , Hagen Soltau

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced general-purpose reasoning, showing strong performance across diverse tasks. However, existing methods often rely on implicit exploration, where the model follows stochastic and unguided reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jiaxiang Chen , Zhuo Wang , Mingxi Zou , Zhucong Li , Zhijian Zhou , Song Wang , Zenglin Xu