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Automated Program Repair (APR) agents leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously diagnose and fix software bugs through reasoning, planning, and tool use. Despite impressive leaderboard gains on benchmarks such as SWE-bench,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ira Ceka , Hailie Mitchell , Saurabh Pujar , Luca Buratti , Shyam Ramji , Junfeng Yang , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Automated Program Repair (APR) struggles with complex logic errors and silent failures. Current LLM-based APR methods are mostly static, relying on source code and basic test outputs, which fail to accurately capture complex runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiaqing Wu , Tong Wu , Manqing Zhang , Yunwei Dong , Bo Shen

LLM-based automated program repair methods have attracted significant attention for their state-of-the-art performance. However, they were primarily evaluated on a few well known datasets like Defects4J, raising questions about their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Fengjie Li , Jiajun Jiang , Jiajun Sun , Hongyu Zhang

Automated Program Repair (APR) attempts to patch software bugs and reduce manual debugging efforts. Very recently, with the advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), an increasing number of APR techniques have been proposed, facilitating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Yang Xie , YuXiang Ma , Weisong Sun , Yun Yang , Zhenyu Chen

Large language model (LLM)-driven automated program repair (APR) has advanced rapidly, but most methods remain code-centric: they directly rewrite source code and thereby risk hallucinated, behaviorally inconsistent fixes. This limitation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Taohong Zhu , Lucas C. Cordeiro , Mustafa A. Mustafa , Youcheng Sun

[...] Since then, various APR approaches, especially those leveraging the power of large language models (LLMs), have been rapidly developed to fix general software bugs. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these advanced techniques in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Anh Ho , Thanh Le-Cong , Bach Le , Christine Rizkallah

Redundancy-based automated program repair (APR), which generates patches by referencing existing source code, has gained much attention since they are effective in repairing real-world bugs with good interpretability. However, since…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jiajun Jiang , Fengjie Li , Zijie Zhao , Zhirui Ye , Mengjiao Liu , Bo Wang , Hongyu Zhang , Junjie Chen

Automated program repair (APR) aims to help developers improve software reliability by generating patches for buggy programs. Although many code language models (CLM) are developed and effective in many software tasks such as code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Nan Jiang , Kevin Liu , Thibaud Lutellier , Lin Tan

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential for automated program repair (APR). However, existing LLM-based techniques primarily rely on coarse-grained external feedback (e.g.,test results) to guide iterative…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jiaolong Kong , Xiaofei Xie , Yiheng Xiong , Yuekun Wang , Jian Wang

Software defects are an inherent part of software development and maintenance. To address these defects, Automated Program Repair (APR) has been developed to fix bugs automatically. With the advent of Large Language Models, Code Language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yunan Wang , Tingyu Guo , Zilong Huang , Yuan Yuan

Automatic program repair (APR) techniques have the potential to reduce manual efforts in uncovering and repairing program defects during the code review (CR) process. However, the limited accuracy and considerable time costs associated with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Zelin Zhao , Zhaogui Xu , Jialong Zhu , Peng Di , Yuan Yao , Xiaoxing Ma

Background: Bug reports are essential to the software development life cycle. They help developers track and resolve issues, but are often difficult to process due to their complexity, which can delay resolution and affect software quality.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zhiyuan Chen , Vanessa Nava-Camal , Ahmad Suleiman , Yiming Tang , Daqing Hou , Weiyi Shang

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to automatically generate correct patches for buggy programs. Recent approaches leveraging large language models (LLMs) have shown promise but face limitations. Most rely solely on static analysis,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhili Huang , Ling Xu , Chao Liu , Weifeng Sun , Xu Zhang , Yan Lei , Meng Yan , Hongyu Zhang

This paper presents a novel methodology for enhancing Automated Program Repair (APR) through synthetic data generation utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs). Current APR systems are constrained by the limited availability of high-quality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

The automated program repair field has attracted substantial interest over the years, but despite significant research efforts, creating a system that works well for complex semantic bugs such as security vulnerabilities has proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Berkay Berabi , Alexey Gronskiy , Veselin Raychev , Gishor Sivanrupan , Victor Chibotaru , Martin Vechev

The existing deep learning (DL)-based automated program repair (APR) models are limited in fixing general software defects. % We present {\tool}, a DL-based approach that supports fixing for the general bugs that require dependent changes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Yi Li , Shaohua Wang , Tien N. Nguyen

Patching severe security flaws in complex software remains a major challenge. While automated tools like fuzzers efficiently discover bugs, fixing deep-rooted low-level faults (e.g., use-after-free and memory corruption) still requires…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Maolin Sun , Yibiao Yang , Xuanlin Liu , Yuming Zhou , Baowen Xu

Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques aim to automatically fix buggy programs. Among these, Large Language Model-based (LLM-based) approaches have shown great promise. Recent advances demonstrate that directly leveraging LLMs can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jiayi Zhang , Kai Huang , Jian Zhang , Yang Liu , Chunyang Chen

This study explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automating the repair of C programs. We present a framework that integrates spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL), runtime feedback, and Chain-of-Thought-structured…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Mahdi Farzandway , Fatemeh Ghassemi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great potential in Automated Program Repair (APR). Test inputs, being crucial for reasoning the root cause of failures, are always included in the prompt for LLM-based APR. Unfortunately, LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Boyang Yang , Luyao Ren , Xin Yin , Jiadong Ren , Haoye Tian , Shunfu Jin