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Recent studies reveal widespread concern and increasing lack of understanding about how personal data is collected, shared, and used online without consent. This issue is compounded by limited options available for digital citizens to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Niels J. Gommesen

Online social media platforms use automated moderation systems to remove or reduce the visibility of rule-breaking content. While previous work has documented the importance of manual content moderation, the effects of automated content…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Justin Cheng , Robert West

Social media platforms moderate content for each user by incorporating the outputs of both platform-wide content moderation systems and, in some cases, user-configured personal moderation preferences. However, it is unclear (1) how end…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Shagun Jhaver , Alice Qian Zhang , Quanze Chen , Nikhila Natarajan , Ruotong Wang , Amy Zhang

Coordinated information operations remain a persistent challenge on social media, despite platform efforts to curb them. While previous research has primarily focused on identifying these operations within individual platforms, this study…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Federico Cinus , Marco Minici , Luca Luceri , Emilio Ferrara

Today's online platforms rely heavily on recommendation systems to serve content to their users; social media is a prime example. In turn, recommendation systems largely depend on artificial intelligence algorithms to decide who gets to see…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Anna-Katharina Meßmer , Martin Degeling

Recommender systems are used to provide relevant suggestions on various matters. Although these systems are a classical research topic, knowledge is still limited regarding the public opinion about these systems. Public opinion is also…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jukka Ruohonen

Commercial content moderation APIs are marketed as scalable solutions to combat online hate speech. However, the reliance on these APIs risks both silencing legitimate speech, called over-moderation, and failing to protect online platforms…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 David Hartmann , Amin Oueslati , Dimitri Staufer , Lena Pohlmann , Simon Munzert , Hendrik Heuer

Moderating user-generated content on online platforms is crucial for balancing user safety and freedom of speech. Particularly in the United States, platforms are not subject to legal constraints prescribing permissible content. Each…

A central requirement of the European Union's Digital Services Act (DSA) is that online platforms undergo internal and external audits. A key component of these audits is the assessment of systemic risks, including the dissemination of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Marie-Therese Sekwenz , Rita Gsenger , Scott Dahlgren , Ben Wagner

Automatic content moderation is crucial to ensuring safety in social media. Language Model-based classifiers are being increasingly adopted for this task, but it has been shown that they perpetuate racial and social biases. Even if several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Alessandra Urbinati , Mirko Lai , Simona Frenda , Marco Antonio Stranisci

Online platforms face the challenge of moderating an ever-increasing volume of content, including harmful hate speech. In the absence of clear legal definitions and a lack of transparency regarding the role of algorithms in shaping…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-21 David Hartmann , Amin Oueslati , Dimitri Staufer

By filtering the content that users see, social media platforms have the ability to influence users' perceptions and decisions, from their dining choices to their voting preferences. This influence has drawn scrutiny, with many calling for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Sarah H. Cen , Devavrat Shah

The advent of social media changed the way we consume content favoring a disintermediated access and production. This scenario has been matter of critical discussion about its impact on society. Magnified in the case of Arab Spring or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Matteo Cinelli , Stefano Cresci , Alessandro Galeazzi , Walter Quattrociocchi , Maurizio Tesconi

Following recent policy changes by X (Twitter) and other social media platforms, user interaction data has become increasingly difficult to access. These restrictions are impeding robust research pertaining to social and political phenomena…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Gabriele Di Bona , Emma Fraxanet , Björn Komander , Andrea Lo Sasso , Virginia Morini , Antoine Vendeville , Max Falkenberg , Alessandro Galeazzi

Content moderation is a widely used strategy to prevent the dissemination of irregular information on social media platforms. Despite extensive research on developing automated models to support decision-making in content moderation, there…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Wangjiaxuan Xin , Kanlun Wang , Zhe Fu , Lina Zhou

Social media platforms have diverse content moderation policies, with many prominent actors hesitant to impose strict regulations. A key reason for this reluctance could be the competitive advantage that comes with lax regulation. A popular…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-17 So Sasaki , Cédric Langbort

Social media moderation policies are often at the center of public debate, and their implementation and enactment are sometimes surrounded by a veil of mystery. Unsurprisingly, due to limited platform transparency and data access,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Francesco Pierri , Luca Luceri , Emily Chen , Emilio Ferrara

Digital platforms, including social networks, are major sources of economic information. Evidence suggests that digital platforms display different socioeconomic opportunities to demographic groups. Our work addresses this issue by…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Sara Kingsley , Clara Wang , Alex Mikhalenko , Proteeti Sinha , Chinmay Kulkarni

Online content moderation is essential for maintaining a healthy digital environment, and reliance on AI for this task continues to grow. Consider a user comment using national stereotypes to insult a politician. This example illustrates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Houde Dong , Yifei She , Kai Ye , Liangcai Su , Chenxiong Qian , Jie Hao

There is an increasing supply and demand for political advertising throughout the world. At the same time, societal threats, such as election interference by foreign governments and other bad actors, continues to be a pressing concern in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Jukka Ruohonen