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LLMs-based agents increasingly operate in multi-agent environments where strategic interaction and coordination are required. While existing work has largely focused on individual agents or on interacting agents sharing explicit…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Alessio Buscemi , Daniele Proverbio , Alessandro Di Stefano , The-Anh Han , German Castignani , Pietro Liò

Proper initialization is crucial for any system, particularly in multi-agent systems (MAS), where it plays a pivotal role in determining both the system's efficiency and effectiveness. However, existing MAS initialization methods do not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Chunhao Tian , Yutong Wang , Xuebo Liu , Zhexuan Wang , Liang Ding , Miao Zhang , Min Zhang

Multiagent reinforcement learning, as a prominent intelligent paradigm, enables collaborative decision-making within complex systems. However, existing approaches often rely on explicit action exchange between agents to evaluate action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhenglong Luo , Zhiyong Chen , Aoxiang Liu

An unaddressed challenge in multi-agent coordination is to enable AI agents to exploit the semantic relationships between the features of actions and the features of observations. Humans take advantage of these relationships in highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Mingwei Ma , Jizhou Liu , Samuel Sokota , Max Kleiman-Weiner , Jakob Foerster

We address two major challenges of implicit coordination in multi-agent deep reinforcement learning: non-stationarity and exponential growth of state-action space, by combining Deep-Q Networks for policy learning with Nash equilibrium for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Griffin Adams , Sarguna Janani Padmanabhan , Shivang Shekhar

There is general agreement that fostering trust and cooperation within the AI development ecosystem is essential to promote the adoption of trustworthy AI systems. By embedding Large Language Model (LLM) agents within an evolutionary…

Despite the significant advances in Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) observed in the last decade, the amount of training experience necessary to learn effective policies remains one of the primary concerns in both simulated and real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Manuel Serra Nunes , Atabak Dehban , Yiannis Demiris , José Santos-Victor

AI agents negotiate and transact in natural language with unfamiliar counterparts: a buyer bot facing an unknown seller, or a procurement assistant negotiating with a supplier. In such interactions, the counterpart's LLM, prompts, control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Eilam Shapira , Moshe Tennenholtz , Roi Reichart

Evolutionary multitasking (EMT) is an emerging approach for solving multitask optimization problems (MTOPs) and has garnered considerable research interest. The implicit EMT is a significant research branch that utilizes evolution operators…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Sheng-Hao Wu , Yuxiao Huang , Xingyu Wu , Liang Feng , Zhi-Hui Zhan , Kay Chen Tan

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms have recently been used to train multiple interacting agents in a centralised manner whilst keeping their execution decentralised. When the agents can only acquire partial observations and are faced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Emanuele Pesce , Giovanni Montana

Event Extraction (EE) involves automatically identifying and extracting structured information about events from unstructured text, including triggers, event types, and arguments. Traditional discriminative models demonstrate high precision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Fatemeh Haji , Mazal Bethany , Cho-Yu Jason Chiang , Anthony Rios , Peyman Najafirad

Understanding cognitive processes in multi-agent interactions is a primary goal in cognitive science. It can guide the direction of artificial intelligence (AI) research toward social decision-making in multi-agent systems, which includes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Dongsu Lee , Minhae Kwon

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) are increasingly used to simulate social interactions, but most of the frameworks miss the underlying cognitive complexity of human behavior. In this paper, we introduce Trans-ACT (Transactional Analysis Cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Monika Zamojska , Jarosław A. Chudziak

Modern multi-agent reinforcement learning frameworks rely on centralized training and reward shaping to perform well. However, centralized training and dense rewards are not readily available in the real world. Current multi-agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Zixian Ma , Rose Wang , Li Fei-Fei , Michael Bernstein , Ranjay Krishna

Explaining multi-agent systems (MAS) is urgent as these systems become increasingly prevalent in various applications. Previous work has proveided explanations for the actions or states of agents, yet falls short in understanding the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Jianming Chen , Yawen Wang , Junjie Wang , Xiaofei Xie , jun Hu , Qing Wang , Fanjiang Xu

Learning interpretable communication is essential for multi-agent and human-agent teams (HATs). In multi-agent reinforcement learning for partially-observable environments, agents may convey information to others via learned communication,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Seth Karten , Mycal Tucker , Huao Li , Siva Kailas , Michael Lewis , Katia Sycara

Developing effective Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is critical for many applications requiring collaboration and coordination with humans. Despite the rapid advance of Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL) in cooperative MAS, one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Thuy Ngoc Nguyen , Duy Nhat Phan , Cleotilde Gonzalez

LLM-powered Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) unlock new potentials in distributed reasoning, collaboration, and task generalization but also introduce additional risks due to unguaranteed agreement, cascading uncertainty, and adversarial…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Shuang Ao , Zhuoyun Li , Boxuan Wang , Lokesh Singh , Guangliang Cheng , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Xiaowei Huang

Strategic multi-agent systems are fundamentally characterized by decentralization, uncertainty, and ambiguity. Agents operating under limited observations will often need to make decisions based on simplified internal models of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Aya Hamed , Jason R. Marden , Jeff S. Shamma

Effectively capturing the joint distribution of all agents in a scene is relevant for predicting the true evolution of the scene and in turn providing more accurate information to the decision processes of autonomous vehicles. While new…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Anna Mészáros , Javier Alonso-Mora , Jens Kober