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Effective collaboration between embodied agents requires more than acting in a shared environment; it demands communication grounded in each agent's evolving understanding of the world. When agents can only partially observe their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Vardhan Dongre , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Current multi-agent LLM frameworks rely on explicit orchestration patterns borrowed from human organizational structures: planners delegate to executors, managers coordinate workers, and hierarchical control flow governs agent interactions.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Roland Rodriguez

Can large language model (LLM) agents reproduce the complex social dynamics that characterize human online behavior -- shaped by homophily, reciprocity, and social validation -- and what memory and learning mechanisms enable such dynamics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Philipp J. Schneider , Lin Tian , Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities in mathematical and scientific tasks. To enhance complex reasoning, multi-agent systems have been proposed to harness the collective intelligence of LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Yang Li , Swastik Roy , Weijie Guan , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

With recent breakthroughs in large language models (LLMs) for reasoning, planning, and complex task generation, artificial intelligence systems are transitioning from isolated single-agent architectures to multi-agent systems with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Linlin Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Laiqiao Qin , Longxiang Gao , Wanlei Zhou

Robust coordination is critical for effective decision-making in multi-agent systems, especially under partial observability. A central question in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is whether to engineer communication protocols or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Brennen A. Hill , Mant Koh En Wei , Thangavel Jishnuanandh

Although large language model (LLM) based multi-agent systems (MAS) show their capability to solve complex tasks and achieve higher performance over single agent systems, they lead to huge computational overheads because of heavy…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ziyang Ma , Dingyi Zhang , Sichu Liang , Jiajia Chu , Pengfei Xia , Hui Zang , Deyu Zhou

We study fairness through the lens of cooperative multi-agent learning. Our work is motivated by empirical evidence that naive maximization of team reward yields unfair outcomes for individual team members. To address fairness in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Niko A. Grupen , Bart Selman , Daniel D. Lee

Inference-time intervention (ITI) has emerged as a promising method for steering large language model (LLM) behavior in a particular direction (e.g., improving helpfulness) by intervening on token representations without costly updates to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Duy Nguyen , Archiki Prasad , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Cooperative information shared among a multi-agent system (MAS) can be useful to agents to efficiently fulfill their missions. Relying on wrong information, however, can have severe consequences. While classical approaches only consider…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-23 Johannes Müller , Tobias Meuser , Ralf Steinmetz , Michael Buchholz

Seamlessly interacting with humans or robots is hard because these agents are non-stationary. They update their policy in response to the ego agent's behavior, and the ego agent must anticipate these changes to co-adapt. Inspired by humans,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Annie Xie , Dylan P. Losey , Ryan Tolsma , Chelsea Finn , Dorsa Sadigh

Managing agent context (e.g., thought and observation) during multi-turn agent-environment interactions is an emerging strategy to improve agent efficiency. However, existing studies treat the entire interaction trajectories equally,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yansong Ning , Jun Fang , Naiqiang Tan , Hao Liu

The growing relevance of multi-agent systems has drawn increasing focus on communication-efficient filters for collaborative perception to alleviate the system's communication burden. While the event-triggered (ET) mechanism can improve…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jirong Zha , Chenyu Zhao , Nan Zhou , Zhenyu Liu , Tao Sun , Bin Zhang , Xiaochun Zhang , Xinlei Chen

We present a hybrid framework for adaptive insider-threat detection that tightly integrates multi-agent simulation (MAS), layered Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) correlation, behavioral and communication forensics,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Firdous Kausar , Asmah Muallem , Naw Safrin Sattar , Mohamed Zakaria Kurdi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly trained in complex Reinforcement Learning, multi-agent environments, making it difficult to understand how behavior changes over training. Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have recently shown to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 John Yan , Michael Yu , Yuqi Sun , Alexander Duffy , Tyler Marques , Matthew Lyle Olson

We propose a novel LLM-based framework for reasoning in discrete, game-theoretic tasks, illustrated with \emph{Tic-Tac-Toe}. The method integrates in-context learning with entropy-guided chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning and adaptive context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tommaso Felice Banfi , Sashenka Gamage

Multi-agent collaboration has emerged as a pivotal paradigm for addressing complex, distributed tasks in large language model (LLM)-driven applications. While prior research has focused on high-level architectural frameworks, the granular…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haochun Wang , Sendong Zhao , Jingbo Wang , Zewen Qiang , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in problem solving. Through combining many intelligent agents, multi-agent collaboration has emerged as a promising approach to tackle complex, multi-faceted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Raphael Shu , Nilaksh Das , Michelle Yuan , Monica Sunkara , Yi Zhang

Understanding the emergence of cooperation in systems of computational agents is crucial for the development of effective cooperative AI. Interaction among individuals in real-world settings are often sparse and occur within a broad…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Nicole Orzan , Erman Acar , Davide Grossi , Roxana Rădulescu

Existing multi-agent learning approaches have developed interactive training environments to explicitly promote collaboration among multiple Large Language Models (LLMs), thereby constructing stronger multi-agent systems (MAS). However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hehai Lin , Shilei Cao , Sudong Wang , Haotian Wu , Minzhi Li , Linyi Yang , Juepeng Zheng , Chengwei Qin