Related papers: Parity Tests with Ties
We consider two independent binary i.i.d. random strings $X$ and $Y$ of equal length $n$ and the optimal alignments according to a symmetric scoring functions only. We decompose the space of scoring functions into five components. Two of…
A recent model for property testing of probability distributions (Chakraborty et al., ITCS 2013, Canonne et al., SICOMP 2015) enables tremendous savings in the sample complexity of testing algorithms, by allowing them to condition the…
In this paper, we devise two algorithms for the problem of testing $q$-monomials of degree $k$ in any multivariate polynomial represented by a circuit, regardless of the primality of $q$. One is an $O^*(2^k)$ time randomized algorithm. The…
In sequential hypothesis testing, Generalized Binary Search (GBS) greedily chooses the test with the highest information gain at each step. It is known that GBS obtains the gold standard query cost of $O(\log n)$ for problems satisfying the…
Given two discrete random variables $X$ and $Y,$ with probability distributions ${\bf p}=(p_1, \ldots , p_n)$ and ${\bf q}=(q_1, \ldots , q_m)$, respectively, denote by ${\cal C}({\bf p}, {\bf q})$ the set of all couplings of ${\bf p}$ and…
Likelihood-based generative models are a promising resource to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs which could compromise the robustness or reliability of a machine learning system. However, likelihoods derived from such models have…
We study the Closest Pair Problem in Hamming metric, which asks to find the pair with the smallest Hamming distance in a collection of binary vectors. We give a new randomized algorithm for the problem on uniformly random input…
We extend a result of Lyons (2016) from fractional tiling of finite graphs to a version for infinite random graphs. The most general result is as follows. Let $\bf P$ be a unimodular probability measure on rooted networks $(G, o)$ with…
Ranking problems based on pairwise comparisons, such as those arising in online gaming, often involve a large pool of items to order. In these situations, the gap in performance between any two items can be significant, and the smallest and…
We present a randomized algorithm for dynamic graph connectivity. With failure probability less than $1/n^c$ (for any constant $c$ we choose), our solution has worst case running time $O(\log^3 n)$ per edge insertion, $O(\log^4 n)$ per edge…
We introduce a class of stochastic processes with reinforcement consisting of a sequence of random partitions $\{\mathcal{P}_t\}_{t \ge 1}$, where $\mathcal{P}_t$ is a partition of $\{1,2,\dots, Rt\}$. At each time~$t$,~$R$ numbers are…
In social and biomedical sciences testing in contingency tables often involves order restrictions on cell-probabilities parameters. We develop objective Bayes methods for order-constrained testing and model comparison when observations…
Given $n$ elements, an integer $k$ and a parameter $\varepsilon$, we study to select an element with rank in $(k-n\varepsilon,k+n\varepsilon]$ using unreliable comparisons where the outcome of each comparison is incorrect independently with…
We prove that any exact quantum algorithm searching an ordered list of N elements requires more than \frac{1}{\pi}(\ln(N)-1) queries to the list. This improves upon the previously best known lower bound of {1/12}\log_2(N) - O(1). Our proof…
In this paper, we prove a general hardness amplification scheme for optimization problems based on the technique of direct products. We say that an optimization problem $\Pi$ is direct product feasible if it is possible to efficiently…
We study the statistical behaviour of reasoning probes in a stylized model of looped reasoning, given by Boolean circuits whose computational graph is a perfect $\nu$-ary tree ($\nu\ge 2$) and whose output is appended to the input and fed…
We use a Bayesian approach to optimally solve problems in noisy binary search. We deal with two variants: 1. Each comparison can be erroneous with some probability $1 - p$. 2. At each stage $k$ comparisons can be performed in parallel and a…
Various lower bounds are established for the entropy of sums, products and their combinations. First, we derive a prime-field analogue of a version of the entropy power inequality established by Tao over torsion-free groups. Next, we prove…
We give a lower bound of $\Omega(\sqrt n)$ on the unambiguous randomised parity-query complexity of the approximate majority problem -- that is, on the lowest randomised parity-query complexity of any function over $\{0,1\}^n$ whose value…
We design online algorithms for the fair allocation of public goods to a set of $N$ agents over a sequence of $T$ rounds and focus on improving their performance using predictions. In the basic model, a public good arrives in each round,…