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Related papers: OLLM: Options-based Large Language Models

200 papers

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) provide robots with contextual reasoning abilities to comprehend human instructions. Yet, current LLM-enabled robots typically depend on cloud-based models or high-performance computing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Wenhao Wang , Yanyan Li , Long Jiao , Jiawei Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as effective surrogate models and candidate generators within global optimization frameworks for expensive blackbox functions. Despite promising results, LLM-based methods often struggle in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Andrej Schwanke , Lyubomir Ivanov , David Salinas , Fabio Ferreira , Aaron Klein , Frank Hutter , Arber Zela

In recent years, pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in achieving an inference-time few-shot learning capability known as in-context learning. However, existing literature has highlighted the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Xinyi Wang , Wanrong Zhu , Michael Saxon , Mark Steyvers , William Yang Wang

On-device recommendation is critical for a number of real-world applications, especially in scenarios that have agreements on execution latency, user privacy, and robust functionality when internet connectivity is unstable or even…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Xin Xia , Hongzhi Yin , Shane Culpepper

Reinforcement learning (RL) approaches for Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently use on-policy algorithms, such as PPO or GRPO. However, policy lag from distributed training architectures and differences between the training and inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Daniel Ritter , Owen Oertell , Bradley Guo , Jonathan Chang , Kianté Brantley , Wen Sun

Despite emerging research on Language Models (LM), few approaches analyse the invertibility of LMs. That is, given a LM and a desirable target output sequence of tokens, determining what input prompts would yield the target output remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Kevin Yandoka Denamganaï , Kartic Subr

As organizations scale adoption of generative AI, model cost optimization and operational efficiency have emerged as critical factors determining sustainability and accessibility. While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Polaris Jhandi , Owais Kazi , Shreyas Subramanian , Neel Sendas

We propose integration of reasoning into speech large language models (speechLLMs) for the end-to-end slot-filling task. Inspired by the recent development of reasoning LLMs, we use a chain-of-thought framework to decompose the slot-filling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Kadri Hacioglu , Manjunath K E , Andreas Stolcke

Tabular data high-stakes critical decision-making in domains such as finance, healthcare, and scientific discovery. Yet, learning effectively from tabular data in few-shot settings, where labeled examples are scarce, remains a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Zhihan Yang , Jiaqi Wei , Xiang Zhang , Haoyu Dong , Yiwen Wang , Xiaoke Guo , Pengkun Zhang , Yiwei Xu , Chenyu You

Optimizing training performance in large language models (LLMs) remains an essential challenge, particularly in improving model performance while maintaining computational costs. This work challenges the conventional approach of training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chun-Hao Yang , Bo-Han Feng , Tzu-Yuan Lai , Yan Yu Chen , Yin-Kai Dean Huang , Shou-De Lin

While generative robot policies have demonstrated significant potential in learning complex, multimodal behaviors from demonstrations, they still exhibit diverse failures at deployment-time. Policy steering offers an elegant solution to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Yilin Wu , Ran Tian , Gokul Swamy , Andrea Bajcsy

Choosing a Large Language Model (LLM) for a given task requires comparing many strong candidates, yet standard evaluation relies on costly annotations over fixed evaluation sets. To address this challenge, we develop SELECT-LLM, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yavuz Durmazkeser , Patrik Okanovic , Andreas Kirsch , Torsten Hoefler , Nezihe Merve Gürel

We have recently witnessed that ``Intelligence" and `` Compression" are the two sides of the same coin, where the language large model (LLM) with unprecedented intelligence is a general-purpose lossless compressor for various data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Kecheng Chen , Pingping Zhang , Hui Liu , Jie Liu , Yibing Liu , Jiaxin Huang , Shiqi Wang , Hong Yan , Haoliang Li

The reasoning pattern of Large language models (LLMs) remains opaque, and Reinforcement learning (RL) typically applies uniform credit across an entire generation, blurring the distinction between pivotal and routine steps. This work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yang Li , Zhichen Dong , Yuhan Sun , Weixun Wang , Shaopan Xiong , Yijia Luo , Jiashun Liu , Han Lu , Jiamang Wang , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng , Junchi Yan

Training large language models (LLMs) from scratch can yield models with unique functionalities and strengths, but it is costly and often leads to redundant capabilities. A more cost-effective alternative is to fuse existing pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Runjia Zeng , James Chenhao Liang , Cheng Han , Zhiwen Cao , Jiahao Liu , Xiaojun Quan , Yingjie Victor Chen , Lifu Huang , Tong Geng , Qifan Wang , Dongfang Liu

Exploration and goal-directed navigation in unknown layouts are central to inspection, logistics, and search-and-rescue. We ask whether large language models (LLMs) can function as \emph{text-only} controllers under partial observability --…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Stephan Sandfuchs , Maximilian Melchert , Jörg Frochte

Stance classification, the task of predicting the viewpoint of an author on a subject of interest, has long been a focal point of research in domains ranging from social science to machine learning. Current stance detection methods rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Iain J. Cruickshank , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable ability in solving complex tasks, making them a promising tool for enhancing tabular learning. However, existing LLM-based methods suffer from high resource requirements, suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Ruxue Shi , Hengrui Gu , Xu Shen , Xin Wang

Optimization modeling plays a critical role in the application of Operations Research (OR) tools to address real-world problems, yet they pose challenges and require extensive expertise from OR experts. With the advent of large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Chenyu Huang , Zhengyang Tang , Shixi Hu , Ruoqing Jiang , Xin Zheng , Dongdong Ge , Benyou Wang , Zizhuo Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance across diverse tasks but come with substantial energy and computational costs, particularly in request-heavy scenarios. In many real-world applications, the full scale and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Patrick Wilhelm , Thorsten Wittkopp , Odej Kao