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This paper investigates different vector step-size adaptation approaches for non-stationary online, continual prediction problems. Vanilla stochastic gradient descent can be considerably improved by scaling the update with a vector of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Andrew Jacobsen , Matthew Schlegel , Cameron Linke , Thomas Degris , Adam White , Martha White

Classical optimization theory deals with fixed, time-invariant objective functions. However, time-varying optimization has emerged as an important subject for decision-making in dynamic environments. In this work, we study the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Muhammad Faraz Ul Abrar , Nicolò Michelusi , Erik G. Larsson

Gradient descent is arguably one of the most popular online optimization methods with a wide array of applications. However, the standard implementation where agents simultaneously update their strategies yields several undesirable…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-11 James P. Bailey , Gauthier Gidel , Georgios Piliouras

The goal of this paper is to accelerate the training of machine learning models, a critical challenge since the training of large-scale deep neural models can be computationally expensive. Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuen Chen , Yian Wang , Hari Sundaram

Continual instruction tuning enables large language models (LLMs) to learn incrementally while retaining past knowledge, whereas existing methods primarily focus on how to retain old knowledge rather than on selecting which new knowledge to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Peiyi Lin , Fukai Zhang , Kai Niu , Hao Fu

The escalating scale of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates efficient adaptation techniques. Model merging has gained prominence for its efficiency and controllability. However, existing merging techniques typically serve as post-hoc…

We present an approach for efficiently training Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) by Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with non-stationary, high-dimensional streaming data. Our training scheme does not require data-driven parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Alexander Gepperth , Benedikt Pfülb

Modern technological advances have expanded the scope of applications requiring analysis of large-scale datastreams that comprise multiple indefinitely long time series. There is an acute need for statistical methodologies that perform…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-03 Jingshen Wang , Lilun Du , Changliang Zou , Zhenke Wu

Classical stochastic gradient methods for optimization rely on noisy gradient approximations that become progressively less accurate as iterates approach a solution. The large noise and small signal in the resulting gradients makes it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-10 Soham De , Abhay Yadav , David Jacobs , Tom Goldstein

For many machine learning problems, data is abundant and it may be prohibitive to make multiple passes through the full training set. In this context, we investigate strategies for dynamically increasing the effective sample size, when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-10 Hadi Daneshmand , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

Online continual learning aims to get closer to a live learning experience by learning directly on a stream of data with temporally shifting distribution and by storing a minimum amount of data from that stream. In this empirical…

Emerging edge intelligence applications require the server to retrain and update deep neural networks deployed on remote edge nodes to leverage newly collected data samples. Unfortunately, it may be impossible in practice to continuously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Zhongnan Qu , Cong Liu , Lothar Thiele

Continual Learning (CL) aims to sequentially train models on streams of incoming data that vary in distribution by preserving previous knowledge while adapting to new data. Current CL literature focuses on restricted access to previously…

In Iterative Learning Control (ILC), a sequence of feedforward control actions is generated at each iteration on the basis of partial model knowledge and past measurements with the goal of steering the system toward a desired reference…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-12 Efe C. Balta , Andrea Iannelli , Roy S. Smith , John Lygeros

Mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and variants thereof approximate the objective function's gradient with a small number of training examples, aka the batch size. Small batch sizes require little computation for each model update…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Scott Sievert , Shrey Shah

Machine unlearning aims to remove knowledge of the specific training data in a well-trained model. Currently, machine unlearning methods typically handle all forgetting data in a single batch, removing the corresponding knowledge all at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Shaofei Shen , Chenhao Zhang , Yawen Zhao , Alina Bialkowski , Weitong Chen , Miao Xu

Streaming Continual Learning (CL) typically converts a continuous stream into a sequence of discrete tasks through temporal partitioning. We argue that this temporal taskification step is not a neutral preprocessing choice, but a structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Nicolae Filat , Ahmed Hussain , Konstantinos Kalogiannis , Elena Burceanu

Decision transformer based sequential policies have emerged as a powerful paradigm in offline reinforcement learning (RL), yet their efficacy remains constrained by the quality of static datasets and inherent architectural limitations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yihao Qin , Yuanfei Wang , Hang Zhou , Peiran Liu , Hao Dong , Yiding Ji

Stochastic gradient updates are widely used for their efficiency and scalability, but their effective step sizes can depend strongly on feature scaling and local model sensitivity. Gauss-Newton methods address such scale effects through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mikalai Korbit , Mario Zanon

This work proposes a novel strategy for social learning by introducing the critical feature of adaptation. In social learning, several distributed agents update continually their belief about a phenomenon of interest through: i) direct…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Virginia Bordignon , Vincenzo Matta , Ali H. Sayed
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