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Despite its experimental success, Model-based Reinforcement Learning still lacks a complete theoretical understanding. To this end, we analyze the error in the cumulative reward using a contraction approach. We consider both stochastic and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Ting-Han Fan , Peter J. Ramadge

Next-token prediction with the logarithmic loss is a cornerstone of autoregressive sequence modeling, but, in practice, suffers from error amplification, where errors in the model compound and generation quality degrades as sequence length…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Dhruv Rohatgi , Adam Block , Audrey Huang , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Dylan J. Foster

In this paper we address the problem of estimating the posterior distribution of the static parameters of a continuous time state space model with discrete time observations by an algorithm that combines the Kalman filter and a particle…

Computation · Statistics 2019-05-22 Jian He , Asma Khedher , Peter Spreij

We propose a principled kernel-based policy iteration algorithm to solve the continuous-state Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). In contrast to most decision-theoretic planning frameworks, which assume fully known state transition models, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Junhong Xu , Kai Yin , Lantao Liu

We present one of the first algorithms on model based reinforcement learning and trajectory optimization with free final time horizon. Grounded on the optimal control theory and Dynamic Programming, we derive a set of backward differential…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-09-04 Wei Sun , Evangelos Theodorou , Panagiotis Tsiotras

In this work, we show that natural policy gradient, a core algorithm in reinforcement learning, admits an exact formulation as a smoothed and averaged form of policy iteration. Specifically, we introduce doubly smoothed policy iteration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Phalguni Nanda , Zaiwei Chen

We study the high-dimensional linear regression problem with categorical predictors that have many levels. We propose a new estimation approach, which performs model compression via two mechanisms by simultaneously encouraging (a)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Kayhan Behdin , Riade Benbaki , Peter Radchenko , Rahul Mazumder

Closed-loop performance of sequential decision making algorithms, such as model predictive control, depends strongly on the choice of controller parameters. Bayesian optimization allows learning of parameters from closed-loop experiments,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Sebastian Hirt , Lukas Theiner , Rolf Findeisen

Policy iteration and value iteration are at the core of many (approximate) dynamic programming methods. For Markov Decision Processes with finite state and action spaces, we show that they are instances of semismooth Newton-type methods to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Matilde Gargiani , Andrea Zanelli , Dominic Liao-McPherson , Tyler Summers , John Lygeros

Off-policy algorithms, in which a behavior policy differs from the target policy and is used to gain experience for learning, have proven to be of great practical value in reinforcement learning. However, even for simple convex problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Rong J. B. Zhu , James M. Murray

Policy evaluation in reinforcement learning is often conducted using two-timescale stochastic approximation, which results in various gradient temporal difference methods such as GTD(0), GTD2, and TDC. Here, we provide convergence rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Gal Dalal , Balazs Szorenyi , Gugan Thoppe

This paper presents a new filter for state-space models based on Bellman's dynamic-programming principle, allowing for nonlinearity, non-Gaussianity and degeneracy in the observation and/or state-transition equations. The resulting Bellman…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-18 Rutger-Jan Lange

Robot control policies for temporally extended and sequenced tasks are often characterized by discontinuous switches between different local dynamics. These change-points are often exploited in hierarchical motion planning to build…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Daniel Angelov , Yordan Hristov , Michael Burke , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Model-based reinforcement learning algorithms that combine model-based planning and learned value/policy prior have gained significant recognition for their high data efficiency and superior performance in continuous control. However, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Haotian Lin , Pengcheng Wang , Jeff Schneider , Guanya Shi

We show that the popular reinforcement learning (RL) strategy of estimating the state-action value (Q-function) by minimizing the mean squared Bellman error leads to a regression problem with confounding, the inputs and output noise being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Yutian Chen , Liyuan Xu , Caglar Gulcehre , Tom Le Paine , Arthur Gretton , Nando de Freitas , Arnaud Doucet

In this paper, we study the problem of inference in high-order structured prediction tasks. In the context of Markov random fields, the goal of a high-order inference task is to maximize a score function on the space of labels, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Chuyang Ke , Jean Honorio

We investigate high-order harmonic generation in inhomogeneous media for reduced dimensionality models. We perform a phase-space analysis, in which we identify specific features caused by the field inhomogeneity. We compute high-order…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-05-25 C. Zagoya , M. Bonner , H. Chomet , E. Slade , C. Figueira de Morisson Faria

To investigate a time-consistent optimal strategy for the continuous time mean-variance model, we develop a new method to establish the Bellman principle. Based on this new method, we obtain a time-consistent dynamic optimal strategy that…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-24 Shuzhen Yang

Optimal control problems are inherently hard to solve as the optimization must be performed simultaneously with updating the underlying system. Starting from an initial guess, Howard's policy improvement algorithm separates the step of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-25 B. Kerimkulov , D. Šiška , Ł. Szpruch

We investigate projection methods, for evaluating a linear approximation of the value function of a policy in a Markov Decision Process context. We consider two popular approaches, the one-step Temporal Difference fix-point computation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-11-22 Bruno Scherrer