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Optimizing communication topology is fundamental to the efficiency and effectiveness of Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). While recent approaches utilize reinforcement learning to dynamically construct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yueyang Cang , Xiaoteng Zhang , Erlu Zhao , Zehua Ji , Yuhang Liu , Yuchen He , Zhiyuan Ning , Chen Yijun , Wenge Que , Li Shi

We introduce SuperIgor, a framework for instruction-following tasks. Unlike prior methods that rely on predefined subtasks, SuperIgor enables a language model to generate and refine high-level plans through a self-learning mechanism,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zoya Volovikova , Nikita Sorokin , Dmitriy Lukashevskiy , Aleksandr Panov , Alexey Skrynnik

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in games has gained significant momentum in recent years, enabling the creation of different agent behaviors that can transform a player's gaming experience. However, deploying RL agents in production…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 António Afonso , Iolanda Leite , Alessandro Sestini , Florian Fuchs , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

While large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities, they often present challenges in terms of safety, alignment with human values, and stability during training. Here, we focus on two prevalent methods used to align these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Gabriel Mukobi , Peter Chatain , Su Fong , Robert Windesheim , Gitta Kutyniok , Kush Bhatia , Silas Alberti

Is it possible to train a general metric for evaluating text generation quality without human annotated ratings? Existing learned metrics either perform unsatisfactorily across text generation tasks or require human ratings for training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Wenda Xu , Xian Qian , Mingxuan Wang , Lei Li , William Yang Wang

Automatic evaluation of natural language generation has long been an elusive goal in NLP.A recent paradigm fine-tunes pre-trained language models to emulate human judgements for a particular task and evaluation criterion. Inspired by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Shuhaib Mehri , Vered Shwartz

Task-oriented dialogue (TOD) system is designed to accomplish user-defined tasks through dialogues. The TOD system has progressed towards end-to-end modeling by leveraging pre-trained large language models. Fine-tuning the pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Dharmendra Prajapat , Durga Toshniwal

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) with reward models has advanced alignment of generative models to human aesthetic and perceptual preferences. However, jointly optimizing multiple rewards often incurs an alignment tax,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Chieh-Yun Chen , Zhonghao Wang , Qi Chen , Zhifan Ye , Min Shi , Yue Zhao , Yinan Zhao , Hui Qu , Wei-An Lin , Yiru Shen , Ajinkya Kale , Irfan Essa , Humphrey Shi

Synthetic tabular data generation is increasingly essential in data management, supporting downstream applications when real-world and high-quality tabular data is insufficient. Existing tabular generation approaches, such as generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Mingxuan Jiang , Yongxin Wang , Ziyue Dai , Yicun Liu , Hongyi Nie , Sen Liu , Hongfeng Chai

Rubric-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with complex, open-domain instruction following tasks. However, existing methods predominantly rely on response-level…

While graph-derived signals are widely used in tabular learning, existing studies typically rely on limited experimental setups and average performance comparisons, leaving the statistical reliability and robustness of observed gains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mario Heidrich , Jeffrey Heidemann , Rüdiger Buchkremer , Gonzalo Wandosell Fernández de Bobadilla

Reinforcement Learning (RL) post-training has become the standard for aligning generative models with human preferences, yet most methods rely on a single scalar reward. When multiple criteria matter, the prevailing practice of ``early…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shelly Golan , Michael Finkelson , Ariel Bereslavsky , Yotam Nitzan , Or Patashnik

Language models are capable of iteratively improving their outputs based on natural language feedback, thus enabling in-context optimization of user preference. In place of human users, a second language model can be used as an evaluator,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jane Pan , He He , Samuel R. Bowman , Shi Feng

Mathematical reasoning is a key benchmark for large language models. Reinforcement learning is a standard post-training mechanism for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models, yet performance remains sensitive to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Arash Ahmadi , Sarah Sharif , Yaser , Banad

Model-based evaluation is at the heart of successful model development -- as a reward model for training, and as a replacement for human evaluation. To train such evaluators, the standard approach is to collect a large amount of human…

End-to-end spoken dialogue models have garnered significant attention because they offer a higher potential ceiling in expressiveness and perceptual ability than cascaded systems. However, the intelligence and expressiveness of current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yifu Chen , Shengpeng Ji , Qian Chen , Tianle Liang , Yangzhuo Li , Ziqing Wang , Wen Wang , Jingyu Lu , Haoxiao Wang , Xueyi Pu , Fan Zhuo , Zhou Zhao

Language models encode substantial evaluative knowledge from pretraining, yet current post-training methods rely on external supervision (human annotations, proprietary models, or scalar reward models) to produce reward signals. Each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Shuyue Stella Li , Rui Xin , Teng Xiao , Yike Wang , Rulin Shao , Zoey Hao , Melanie Sclar , Sewoong Oh , Faeze Brahman , Pang Wei Koh , Yulia Tsvetkov

Post-training is the decisive step for converting a pretrained video generator into a production-oriented model that is instruction-following, controllable, and robust over long temporal horizons. This report presents a systematical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuanzhi Liang , Xuan'er Wu , Yirui Liu , Yijie Fang , Yizhen Fan , Ke Hao , Rui Li , Ruiying Liu , Ziqi Ni , Peng Yu , Yanbo Wang , Haibin Huang , Qizhen Weng , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

Direct Preference Optimization is an offline post-SFT method for aligning language models from preference pairs, with strong results in instruction following and summarization. However, DPO's sequence-level implicit reward can be brittle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Samah Fodeh , Linhai Ma , Ganesh Puthiaraju , Srivani Talakokkul , Afshan Khan , Ashley Hagaman , Sarah R. Lowe , Aimee Kendall Roundtree

For task-oriented dialog systems, training a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based Dialog Management module suffers from low sample efficiency and slow convergence speed due to the sparse rewards in RL.To solve this problem, many strategies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Zhengxu Hou , Bang Liu , Ruihui Zhao , Zijing Ou , Yafei Liu , Xi Chen , Yefeng Zheng