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Synthetic tabular data generation has gained significant attention for its potential in data augmentation and privacy-preserving data sharing. While recent methods like diffusion and auto-regressive models (i.e., transformer) have advanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Jiayu Li , Zilong Zhao , Kevin Yee , Uzair Javaid , Biplab Sikdar

Sequential labeling is a fundamental NLP task, forming the backbone of many applications. Supervised learning of Seq2Seq models has shown great success on these problems. However, the training objectives are still significantly disconnected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Kazuma Hashimoto , Karthik Raman

Handling imbalance in class distribution when building a classifier over tabular data has been a problem of long-standing interest. One popular approach is augmenting the training dataset with synthetically generated data. While classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Annie D'souza , Swetha M , Sunita Sarawagi

Self-rewarding have emerged recently as a powerful tool in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), allowing language models to generate high-quality relevant responses by providing their own rewards during training. This innovative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Safouane El Ghazouali , Arnaud Gucciardi , Umberto Michelucci

Tabular data synthesis is crucial for addressing privacy and security concerns in industries reliant on tabular data. While recent advancements adopt large language models (LLMs) for realistic tabular data generation, their long training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zilong Zhao , Robert Birke , Lydia Chen

When language model (LM) users aim to improve the quality of its generations, it is crucial to specify concrete behavioral attributes that the model should strive to reflect. However, curating such principles across many domains, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Keshav Ramji , Tahira Naseem , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo

Aligning large visual generative models with human feedback is often performed through pairwise preference optimization. While such approaches are conceptually simple, they fundamentally rely on annotated pairs, limiting scalability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Jinbin Bai , Yu Lei , Qingyu Shi , Aosong Feng , Yi Xin , Zhuoran Zhao , Fei Shen , Kaidong Yu , Jason Li

Diffusion models generate highly realistic images but often struggle with precise text-image alignment. While recent post-training methods improve alignment using external rewards or human preference signals, their performance heavily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jaa-Yeon Lee , Yeobin Hong , Taesung Kwon , Jong Chul Ye

Tabular data synthesis for supervised learning ('SL') model training is gaining popularity in industries such as healthcare, finance, and retail. Despite the progress made in tabular data generators, models trained with synthetic data often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tung Sum Thomas Kwok , Zeyong Zhang , Chi-Hua Wang , Guang Cheng

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a central post-training paradigm for large language models (LLMs), but its performance is highly sensitive to the quality of training problems. This sensitivity stems from the non-stationarity of RL:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Ningyuan Yang , Weihua Du , Weiwei Sun , Sean Welleck , Yiming Yang

Text-to-SQL is a challenging task involving multiple reasoning-intensive subtasks, including natural language understanding, database schema comprehension, and precise SQL query formulation. Existing approaches often rely on handcrafted…

Topic modelling is fundamentally a soft clustering problem (of known objects -- documents, over unknown clusters -- topics). That is, the task is incorrectly posed. In particular, the topic models are unstable and incomplete. All this leads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Alex Gorbulev , Vasiliy Alekseev , Konstantin Vorontsov

Generative modelling has become the standard approach for synthesising tabular data. However, different use cases demand synthetic data to comply with different requirements to be useful in practice. In this survey, we review deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mihaela Cătălina Stoian , Eleonora Giunchiglia , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Tutoring is an effective instructional method for enhancing student learning, yet its success relies on the skill and experience of the tutors. This reliance presents challenges for the widespread implementation of tutoring, particularly in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Chentianye Xu , Jionghao Lin , Tongshuang Wu , Vincent Aleven , Kenneth R. Koedinger

Recent self-rewarding large language models (LLM) have successfully applied LLM-as-a-Judge to iteratively improve the alignment performance without the need of human annotations for preference data. These methods commonly utilize the same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zhaoyang Wang , Weilei He , Zhiyuan Liang , Xuchao Zhang , Chetan Bansal , Ying Wei , Weitong Zhang , Huaxiu Yao

Tabular prediction can benefit from in-table rows as few-shot evidence, yet existing tabular models typically perform instance-wise inference and LLM-based prompting is often brittle. Models do not consistently leverage relevant rows, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yongyao Wang , Ziqi Miao , Lu Yang , Haonan Jia , Wenting Yan , Chen Qian , Lijun Li

The rapid progress in generative models has resulted in impressive leaps in generation quality, blurring the lines between synthetic and real data. Web-scale datasets are now prone to the inevitable contamination by synthetic data, directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Damien Ferbach , Quentin Bertrand , Avishek Joey Bose , Gauthier Gidel

While astonishingly capable, large Language Models (LLM) can sometimes produce outputs that deviate from human expectations. Such deviations necessitate an alignment phase to prevent disseminating untruthful, toxic, or biased information.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Long Tan Le , Han Shu , Tung-Anh Nguyen , Choong Seon Hong , Nguyen H. Tran

The default paradigm of post-training text-to-image generators includes post-hoc selection of generated images, and subsequent training with one reward model to align the generator to the reward, typically user preference. This discards…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Nicolas Dufour , Lucas Degeorge , Arijit Ghosh , Vicky Kalogeiton , David Picard

Despite the subjective nature of storytelling, past works on automatic story generation (ASG) have relied on limited ground truths for training and evaluation. In this work, we explore reinforcement learning (d-RLAIF) as a post-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 David Y. Liu , Xanthe Muston , Aditya Joshi , Sebastian Sequoiah-Grayson