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This manuscript signals a new era in the integration of artificial intelligence with software engineering, placing machines at the pinnacle of coding capability. We present a formalized, iterative methodology proving that AI can fully…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Alex , Liu , Vivian , Chi

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in code generation tasks. However, their code-writing abilities are often limited in scope: while they can successfully implement simple functions, they struggle with more complex tasks. A…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jialin Song , Jonathan Raiman , Bryan Catanzaro

Complex Verilog Design Problems (CVDP) challenge hardware LLM agents because solving them requires localizing verifier-relevant RTL, testbenches, include paths, and build dependencies inside large repository snapshots, making precise edits,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zijian Du , Nathaniel Pinckney

Automated test generation is essential for software quality assurance, with coverage rate serving as a key metric to ensure thorough testing. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in improving test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 WeiZhe Xu , Mengyu Liu , Fanxin Kong

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in code generation, achieving high scores on benchmarks such as HumanEval and MBPP. However, these benchmarks primarily assess functional correctness and neglect broader…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Scott Blyth , Sherlock A. Licorish , Christoph Treude , Markus Wagner

Tool planning with large language models (LLMs), referring to selecting, organizing, and preparing the tools necessary to complete a user request, bridges the gap between natural language understanding and task execution. However, current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Wenjie Chen , Wenbin Li , Di Yao , Xuying Meng , Chang Gong , Jingping Bi

Software vulnerabilities continue to be ubiquitous, even in the era of AI-powered code assistants, advanced static analysis tools, and the adoption of extensive testing frameworks. It has become apparent that we must not simply prevent…

Large language models for code generation increasingly rely on synthetic data, where both problem solutions and verification tests are generated by models. While this enables scalable data creation, it introduces a previously unexplored…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Srishti Gureja , Elena Tommasone , Jingyi He , Sara Hooker , Matthias Gallé , Marzieh Fadaee

Code large language models (LLMs) face limitations in repository-level code generation due to their lack of awareness of repository-level dependencies (e.g., user-defined attributes), resulting in dependency errors such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Chong Wang , Jian Zhang , Yebo Feng , Tianlin Li , Weisong Sun , Yang Liu , Xin Peng

Large language models (LLMs) can generate executable code from natural language descriptions, but the resulting programs frequently contain bugs due to hallucinations. In the absence of formal specifications, existing approaches attempt to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yihan Dai , Sijie Liang , Haotian Xu , Peichu Xie , Sergey Mechtaev

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented capability in code generation. However, LLM-generated code is still plagued with a wide range of functional errors, especially for complex programming tasks that LLMs have not…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yifeng Di , Tianyi Zhang

Automating hardware design could obviate a significant amount of human error from the engineering process and lead to fewer errors. Verilog is a popular hardware description language to model and design digital systems, thus generating…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Shailja Thakur , Baleegh Ahmad , Zhenxing Fan , Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Ramesh Karri , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg

Functional simulation is an essential step in digital hardware design. Recently, there has been a growing interest in leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for hardware testbench generation tasks. However, the inherent instability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Ruidi Qiu , Grace Li Zhang , Rolf Drechsler , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

Large language models (LLMs) excel at generating code from natural language (NL) descriptions. However, the plain textual descriptions are inherently ambiguous and often fail to capture complex requirements like intricate system behaviors,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Wenxin Mao , Zhitao Wang , Long Wang , Sirong Chen , Cuiyun Gao , Luyang Cao , Ziming Liu , Qiming Zhang , Jun Zhou , Zhi Jin

Automatic code generation has gained significant momentum with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4. Although many studies focus on improving the effectiveness of LLMs for code generation, very limited work tries to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Melika Sepidband , Hamed Taherkhani , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

Auto-completing code enables developers to speed up coding significantly. Recent advances in transformer-based large language model (LLM) technologies have been applied to code synthesis. However, studies show that many of such synthesized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-09 André Storhaug , Jingyue Li , Tianyuan Hu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation by learning from vast code corpora, a fundamental semantic gap remains between their training on textual patterns and the goal of functional correctness, which is governed by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Xue Jiang , Yihong Dong , Mengyang Liu , Hongyi Deng , Tian Wang , Yongding Tao , Rongyu Cao , Binhua Li , Zhi Jin , Wenpin Jiao , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Ge Li

Automated detection of software vulnerabilities is critical for enhancing security, yet existing methods often struggle with the complexity and diversity of modern codebases. In this paper, we introduce EnStack, a novel ensemble stacking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shahriyar Zaman Ridoy , Md. Shazzad Hossain Shaon , Alfredo Cuzzocrea , Mst Shapna Akter

Code generation refers to automatically producing executable programs from user requirements. Recently, researchers have explored approaches to enhance the correctness of generated code with advanced large language models. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jia Li , Ruiqi Bai , Yangkang Luo , Yiran Zhang , Wentao Yang , Zeyu Sun , Tiankuo Zhao , Dongming Jin , Lei Li , Zhi Jin

Error detection (ED) in tabular data is crucial yet challenging due to diverse error types and the need for contextual understanding. Traditional ED methods often rely heavily on manual criteria and labels, making them labor-intensive.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Wei Ni , Kaihang Zhang , Xiaoye Miao , Xiangyu Zhao , Yangyang Wu , Yaoshu Wang , Jianwei Yin