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Reasoning segmentation aims to segment target objects in complex scenes based on human intent and spatial reasoning. While recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive 2D image reasoning segmentation,…

Medical image segmentation is more clinically valuable when it supports diagnosis rather than merely producing lesion masks. However, diagnostically relevant lesion cues are often subtle and localized, while existing models may be…

In clinical practice, segmenting specific lesions based on the needs of physicians can significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficiency. However, conventional lesion segmentation models lack the flexibility to distinguish…

Early detection and segmentation of skin lesions is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment, necessary to improve the survival rate of patients. However, manual delineation is time consuming and subject to intra- and inter-observer…

This paper proposes a two-stage segmentation model, variable-input based uncertainty measures and an uncertainty-guided post-processing method for prostate segmentation on 3D magnetic resonance images (MRI). The two-stage model was based on…

We hypothesize that probabilistic voxel-level classification of anatomy and malignancy in prostate MRI, although typically posed as near-identical segmentation tasks via U-Nets, require different loss functions for optimal performance due…

Prostate cancer was the third most common cancer in 2020 internationally, coming after breast cancer and lung cancer. Furthermore, in recent years prostate cancer has shown an increasing trend. According to clinical experience, if this…

Segmentation in 3D scans is playing an increasingly important role in current clinical practice supporting diagnosis, tissue quantification, or treatment planning. The current 3D approaches based on convolutional neural networks usually…

We propose a novel, simple and effective method to integrate lesion prior and a 3D U-Net for improving brain tumor segmentation. First, we utilize the ground-truth brain tumor lesions from a group of patients to generate the heatmaps of…

Segmentation of lesions on CT enables automatic measurement for clinical assessment of chronic diseases (e.g., lymphoma). Integrating large language models (LLMs) into the lesion segmentation workflow has the potential to combine imaging…

Inter-and intra-observer variation in delineating regions of interest (ROIs) occurs because of differences in expertise level and preferences of the radiation oncologists. We evaluated the accuracy of a segmentation model using the U-Net…

A novel deep learning architecture (XmasNet) based on convolutional neural networks was developed for the classification of prostate cancer lesions, using the 3D multiparametric MRI data provided by the PROSTATEx challenge. End-to-end…

The detailed images produced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provide life-critical information for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. To provide standardized acquisition, interpretation and usage of the complex MRI images,…

Accurate segmentation of the prostate gland in multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is a fundamental step for a wide range of clinical and research applications, including image registration, volume estimation, and radiomic analysis. However, manual…

Surgical image segmentation is essential for robot-assisted surgery and intraoperative guidance. However, existing methods are constrained to predefined categories, produce one-shot predictions without adaptive refinement, and lack…

This study presents an advanced approach to lumbar spine segmentation using deep learning techniques, focusing on addressing key challenges such as class imbalance and data preprocessing. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients…

Accurate lesion segmentation is essential in medical image analysis, yet most existing methods are designed for specific anatomical sites or imaging modalities, limiting their generalizability. Recent vision-language foundation models…

Fully convolutional networks (FCNs), including UNet and VNet, are widely-used network architectures for semantic segmentation in recent studies. However, conventional FCN is typically trained by the cross-entropy or Dice loss, which only…

Objective: Latent diffusion models (LDM) could alleviate data scarcity challenges affecting machine learning development for medical imaging. However, medical LDM strategies typically rely on short-prompt text encoders, nonmedical LDMs, or…

A major challenge in stroke research and stroke recovery predictions is the determination of a stroke lesion's extent and its impact on relevant brain systems. Manual segmentation of stroke lesions from 3D magnetic resonance (MR) imaging…