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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful geophysical imaging technique that infers high-resolution subsurface physical parameters by solving a non-convex optimization problem. However, due to limitations in observation, e.g., limited…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Xiong-Bin Yan , Keke Wu , Zhi-Qin John Xu , Zheng Ma

Inverse problems, i.e., estimating parameters of physical models from experimental data, are ubiquitous in science and engineering. The Bayesian formulation is the gold standard because it alleviates ill-posedness issues and quantifies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-28 Sharmila Karumuri , Ilias Bilionis

Bayesian methods have been very successful in quantifying uncertainty in physics-based problems in parameter estimation and prediction. In these cases, physical measurements y are modeled as the best fit of a physics-based model…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-02-06 Dave Higdon , Jordan D. McDonnell , Nicolas Schunck , Jason Sarich , Stefan M. Wild

We provide a complete framework for performing infinite-dimensional Bayesian inference and uncertainty quantification for image reconstruction with Poisson data. In particular, we address the following issues to make the Bayesian framework…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Qingping Zhou , Tengchao Yu , Xiaoqun Zhang , Jinglai Li

Commercial Microwave Links (CMLs) offer dense spatial coverage for rainfall sensing but produce path-integrated measurements that make accurate ground-level reconstruction challenging. Existing methods typically oversimplify CMLs as point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Badr Moufad , Albina Ilina , Hai Victor Habi , Salem Lahlou , Yazid Janati , Hagit Messer , Eric Moulines

Inverse problems are prevalent in numerous scientific and engineering disciplines, where the objective is to determine unknown parameters within a physical system using indirect measurements or observations. The inherent challenge lies in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Georgios E. Pavlou , Vasiliki Pavlidou , Vagelis Harmandaris

We address the problem of looking into the water from the air, where we seek to remove image distortions caused by refractions at the water surface. Our approach is based on modeling the different water surface structures at various points…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ori Lifschitz , Tali Treibitz , Dan Rosenbaum

We report the results of an in-depth analysis of the parameter estimation capabilities of BayesWave, an algorithm for the reconstruction of gravitational-wave signals without reference to a specific signal model. Using binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-13 Francesco Pannarale , Ronaldas Macas , Patrick J. Sutton

We propose a hybrid resampling method to approximate finitely supported Wasserstein barycenters on large-scale datasets, which can be combined with any exact solver. Nonasymptotic bounds on the expected error of the objective value as well…

Computation · Statistics 2021-05-28 Florian Heinemann , Axel Munk , Yoav Zemel

High precision measurements are essential to solve major scientific and technological challenges, from gravitational wave detection to healthcare diagnostics. Quantum sensing delivers greater precision, but an in-depth optimisation of…

We consider the statistical inverse problem of estimating a background flow field (e.g., of air or water) from the partial and noisy observation of a passive scalar (e.g., the concentration of a solute), a common experimental approach to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Jeff Borggaard , Nathan E. Glatt-Holtz , Justin A. Krometis

We formulate and solve a Bayesian inverse Navier-Stokes (N-S) problem that assimilates velocimetry data in order to jointly reconstruct a 3D flow field and learn the unknown N-S parameters, including the boundary position. By hardwiring a…

In many applications, it is important to reconstruct a fluid flow field, or some other high-dimensional state, from limited measurements and limited data. In this work, we propose a shallow neural network-based learning methodology for such…

Optimal sampling strategies are critical for surveys of deeper coral reef and shoal systems, due to the significant cost of accessing and field sampling these remote and poorly understood ecosystems. Additionally, well-established standard…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-31 Dilishiya De Silva , Rebecca Fisher , Ben Radford , Helen Thompson , James McGree

Asset management requires accurate 3D models to inform the maintenance, repair, and assessment of buildings, maritime vessels, and other key structures as they age. These downstream applications rely on high-fidelity models produced from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 James L. Gray , Nikolai Goncharov , Alexandre Cardaillac , Ryan Griffiths , Jack Naylor , Donald G. Dansereau

The experimental technique of fluorescence light observation is used in current and planned air shower experiments that aim at understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In the fluorescence technique, the geometry of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-08-30 D. Kuempel , K. -H. Kampert , M. Risse

Recursive Bayesian inference, in which posterior beliefs are updated in light of accumulating data, is a tool for implementing Bayesian models in applications with streaming and/or very large data sets. As the posterior of one iteration…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-05 Henry R. Scharf

We present a new procedure for quantum state reconstruction based on weak continuous measurement of an ensemble average. By applying controlled evolution to the initial state new information is continually mapped onto the measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew Silberfarb , Poul S. Jessen , Ivan H. Deutsch

Images captured by fisheye lenses violate the pinhole camera assumption and suffer from distortions. Rectification of fisheye images is therefore a crucial preprocessing step for many computer vision applications. In this paper, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Xiaoqing Yin , Xinchao Wang , Jun Yu , Maojun Zhang , Pascal Fua , Dacheng Tao

Modelling a complex system is almost invariably a challenging task. The incorporation of experimental observations can be used to improve the quality of a model, and thus to obtain better predictions about the behavior of the corresponding…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-11-24 Massimiliano Bonomi , Carlo Camilloni , Andrea Cavalli , Michele Vendruscolo
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