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General Video Game Playing (GVGP) aims at designing an agent that is capable of playing multiple video games with no human intervention. In 2014, The General Video Game AI (GVGAI) competition framework was created and released with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Diego Perez-Liebana , Jialin Liu , Ahmed Khalifa , Raluca D. Gaina , Julian Togelius , Simon M. Lucas

With video games now generating the highest revenues in the entertainment industry, optimizing game development workflows has become essential for the sector's sustained growth. Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Mohammad Reza Taesiri , Abhijay Ghildyal , Saman Zadtootaghaj , Nabajeet Barman , Cor-Paul Bezemer

Implementing board games in code can be a time-consuming task. However, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proven effective at generating code for domain-specific tasks with simple contextual information. We aim to investigate whether…

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), significant progress has been made in multi-agent applications. However, the complexities in coordinating agents' cooperation and LLMs' erratic performance pose notable challenges…

Educational games can foster critical thinking, problem-solving, and motivation, yet instructors often find it difficult to design games that reliably achieve specific learning outcomes. Existing authoring environments reduce the need for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Daijin Yang , Erica Kleinman , Casper Harteveld

We introduce WebGames, a comprehensive benchmark suite designed to evaluate general-purpose web-browsing AI agents through a collection of 50+ interactive challenges. These challenges are specifically crafted to be straightforward for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 George Thomas , Alex J. Chan , Jikun Kang , Wenqi Wu , Filippos Christianos , Fraser Greenlee , Andy Toulis , Marvin Purtorab

Large Language Models (LLMs) show significant potential in economic and strategic interactions, where communication via natural language is often prevalent. This raises key questions: Do LLMs behave rationally? How do they perform compared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Eilam Shapira , Omer Madmon , Itamar Reinman , Samuel Joseph Amouyal , Roi Reichart , Moshe Tennenholtz

Large Language Models (LLMs) based autonomous agents demonstrate multifaceted capabilities to contribute substantially to economic production. However, existing benchmarks remain focused on single agentic capability, failing to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Keyu Li , Junhao Shi , Yang Xiao , Mohan Jiang , Jie Sun , Yunze Wu , Dayuan Fu , Shijie Xia , Xiaojie Cai , Tianze Xu , Weiye Si , Wenjie Li , Dequan Wang , Pengfei Liu

The arrival of large language models (LLMs) capable of multi-step reasoning, tool use, and long-horizon planning has produced a qualitative shift in software engineering. Where earlier code-completion tools such as GitHub Copilot operated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Happy Bhati

Creatively translating complex gameplay ideas into executable artifacts (e.g., games as Unity projects and code) remains a central challenge in computational game creativity. Gameplay design patterns provide a structured representation for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Hugh Xuechen Liu , Kıvanç Tatar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great success as high-level planners for zero-shot game-playing agents. However, these agents are primarily evaluated on Minecraft, where long-term planning is relatively straightforward. In contrast,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Dominik Jeurissen , Diego Perez-Liebana , Jeremy Gow , Duygu Cakmak , James Kwan

Language is a ubiquitous tool that is foundational to reasoning and collaboration, ranging from everyday interactions to sophisticated problem-solving tasks. The establishment of a common language can serve as a powerful asset in ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

Agents are now used widely in the process of software development, but building production-ready software engineering agents is a complex task. Deploying software agents effectively requires flexibility in implementation and…

Generating performant executables from high level languages is critical to software performance across a wide range of domains. Modern compilers perform this task by passing code through a series of well-studied optimizations at…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Benjamin Mikek , Danylo Vashchilenko , Bryan Lu , Panpan Xu

Differences in perception, information asymmetries, and bounded rationality lead game-theoretic players to derive a private, subjective view of the game that may diverge from the underlying ground-truth scenario and may be misaligned with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Vince Trencsenyi

It is increasingly possible for real-world agents, such as software-based agents or human institutions, to view the internal programming of other such agents that they interact with. For instance, a company can read the bylaws of another…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Andrew Critch , Michael Dennis , Stuart Russell

Tool use has turned large language models (LLMs) into powerful agents that can perform complex multi-step tasks by dynamically utilising external software components. However, these tools must be implemented in advance by human developers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Georg Wölflein , Dyke Ferber , Daniel Truhn , Ognjen Arandjelović , Jakob Nikolas Kather

Turning ideas into full software projects from scratch has become a popular use case for language models. Agents are being deployed to seed, maintain, and grow codebases over extended periods with minimal human oversight. Such settings…

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has sparked growing interest in their integration into autonomous systems for reasoning-driven perception, planning, and decision-making. However, evaluating and training such agentic AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Abderrahmane Lakas , Merouane Debbah