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Related papers: Is SAM3 ready for pathology segmentation?

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Promptable segmentation foundation models such as SAM3 have demonstrated strong generalization capabilities through interactive and concept-based prompting. However, their direct applicability to medical image segmentation remains limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Chongcong Jiang , Tianxingjian Ding , Chuhan Song , Jiachen Tu , Ziyang Yan , Yihua Shao , Zhenyi Wang , Yuzhang Shang , Tianyu Han , Yu Tian

Accurate lesion segmentation is essential in medical image analysis, yet most existing methods are designed for specific anatomical sites or imaging modalities, limiting their generalizability. Recent vision-language foundation models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-30 Guoping Xu , Jayaram K. Udupa , Yubing Tong , Xin Long , Ying Zhang , Jie Deng , Weiguo Lu , You Zhang

Foundation models, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have heightened interest in promptable zero-shot segmentation. Although these models perform strongly on natural images, their behavior on medical data remains insufficiently…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Satrajit Chakrabarty , Ravi Soni

Medical image segmentation is fundamental for biomedical discovery. Existing methods lack generalizability and demand extensive, time-consuming manual annotation for new clinical application. Here, we propose MedSAM-3, a text promptable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Anglin Liu , Rundong Xue , Xu R. Cao , Yifan Shen , Yi Lu , Xiang Li , Qianqian Chen , Jintai Chen

The segment anything model (SAM) was released as a foundation model for image segmentation. The promptable segmentation model was trained by over 1 billion masks on 11M licensed and privacy-respecting images. The model supports zero-shot…

Foundation models such as Segment Anything Model 3 (SAM3) enable flexible text-guided medical image segmentation, yet their predictions remain highly sensitive to prompt formulation. Even semantically equivalent descriptions can yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yonghuang Wu , Zhenyang Liang , Wenwen Zeng , Xuan Xie , Jinhua Yu

Semantic segmentations of pathological entities have crucial clinical value in computational pathology workflows. Foundation models, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have been recently proposed for universal use in segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-20 Jingwei Zhang , Ke Ma , Saarthak Kapse , Joel Saltz , Maria Vakalopoulou , Prateek Prasanna , Dimitris Samaras

This paper investigates the fundamental discontinuity between the latest two Segment Anything Models: SAM2 and SAM3. We explain why the expertise in prompt-based segmentation of SAM2 does not transfer to the multimodal concept-driven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ranjan Sapkota , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

The recent SAM 3 and SAM 3D have introduced significant advancements over the predecessor, SAM 2, particularly with the integration of language-based segmentation and enhanced 3D perception capabilities. SAM 3 supports zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Wenzhen Dong , Jieming Yu , Yiming Huang , Hongqiu Wang , Lei Zhu , Albert C. S. Chung , Hongliang Ren , Long Bai

Segment anything model (SAM) demonstrates strong generalization ability on natural image segmentation. However, its direct adaptation in medical image segmentation tasks shows significant performance drops. It also requires an excessive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Heng Guo , Jianfeng Zhang , Jiaxing Huang , Tony C. W. Mok , Dazhou Guo , Ke Yan , Le Lu , Dakai Jin , Minfeng Xu

Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation (FSS) focuses on segmenting novel object categories from only a handful of annotated examples. Most existing approaches rely on extensive episodic training to learn transferable representations, which is both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yi-Jen Tsai , Yen-Yu Lin , Chien-Yao Wang

Segment Anything Model 3 (SAM3) advances open-vocabulary segmentation through promptable concept segmentation, enabling users to segment all instances associated with a given concept using short noun-phrase (NP) prompts. While effective for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jingjing Li , Yue Feng , Yuchen Guo , Jincai Huang , Wei Ji , Qi Bi , Yongri Piao , Miao Zhang , Xiaoqi Zhao , Qiang Chen , Shihao Zou , Huchuan Lu , Li Cheng

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a recently proposed prompt-based segmentation model in a generic zero-shot segmentation approach. With the zero-shot segmentation capacity, SAM achieved impressive flexibility and precision on various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Can Cui , Ruining Deng , Quan Liu , Tianyuan Yao , Shunxing Bao , Lucas W. Remedios , Yucheng Tang , Yuankai Huo

Previous work has reported that vision foundation models show promising zero-shot performance in eye image segmentation. Here we examine whether the latest iteration of the Segment Anything Model, SAM3, offers better eye image segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Diederick C. Niehorster , Marcus Nyström

We present Segment Anything Model (SAM) 3, a unified model that detects, segments, and tracks objects in images and videos based on concept prompts, which we define as either short noun phrases (e.g., "yellow school bus"), image exemplars,…

Training segmentation models for medical images continues to be challenging due to the limited availability of data annotations. Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundation model that is intended to segment user-defined objects of interest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Maciej A. Mazurowski , Haoyu Dong , Hanxue Gu , Jichen Yang , Nicholas Konz , Yixin Zhang

Nucleus instance segmentation in histology images is crucial for a broad spectrum of clinical applications. Current dominant algorithms rely on regression of nuclear proxy maps. Distinguishing nucleus instances from the estimated maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Zhongyi Shui , Yunlong Zhang , Kai Yao , Chenglu Zhu , Sunyi Zheng , Jingxiong Li , Honglin Li , Yuxuan Sun , Ruizhe Guo , Lin Yang

Segment Anything Model (SAM) is one of the pioneering prompt-based foundation models for image segmentation and has been rapidly adopted for various medical imaging applications. However, in clinical settings, creating effective prompts is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Chengyin Li , Prashant Khanduri , Yao Qiang , Rafi Ibn Sultan , Indrin Chetty , Dongxiao Zhu

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) made an eye-catching debut recently and inspired many researchers to explore its potential and limitation in terms of zero-shot generalization capability. As the first promptable foundation model for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Dongjie Cheng , Ziyuan Qin , Zekun Jiang , Shaoting Zhang , Qicheng Lao , Kang Li

Vision-language segmentation models such as SAM3 enable flexible, prompt-driven visual grounding, but inherit large, general-purpose text encoders originally designed for open-ended language understanding. In practice, segmentation prompts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Chengxi Zeng , Yuxuan Jiang , Ge Gao , Shuai Wang , Duolikun Danier , Bin Zhu , Stevan Rudinac , David Bull , Fan Zhang
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