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Covariance estimation becomes challenging in the regime where the number p of variables outstrips the number n of samples available to construct the estimate. One way to circumvent this problem is to assume that the covariance matrix is…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-06-14 Richard Y. Chen , Alex Gittens , Joel A. Tropp

Models with a large number of latent variables are often used to fully utilize the information in big or complex data. However, they can be difficult to estimate using standard approaches, and variational inference methods are a popular…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-20 Rubén Loaiza-Maya , Michael Stanley Smith , David J. Nott , Peter J. Danaher

Let $\mathbf{B}_n=\mathbf {S}_n(\mathbf {S}_n+\alpha_n\mathbf {T}_N)^{-1}$, where $\mathbf {S}_n$ and $\mathbf {T}_N$ are two independent sample covariance matrices with dimension $p$ and sample sizes $n$ and $N$, respectively. This is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-30 Zhidong Bai , Jiang Hu , Guangming Pan , Wang Zhou

In this paper, we shall investigate the almost sure limits of the largest and smallest eigenvalues of a quaternion sample covariance matrix. Suppose that $\mathbf X_n$ is a $p\times n$ matrix whose elements are independent quaternion…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-18 Huiqin Li , Zhidong Bai

We observe a $n$-sample, the distribution of which is assumed to belong, or at least to be close enough, to a given mixture model. We propose an estimator of this distribution that belongs to our model and possesses some robustness…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-06 Alexandre Lecestre

In this paper we establish the limit of the empirical spectral distribution of quaternion sample covariance matrices. Suppose $\mathbf X_n = ({x_{jk}^{(n)}})_{p\times n}$ is a quaternion random matrix. For each $n$, the entries…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-22 Huiqin Li , Zhidong Bai , Jiang Hu

Recently, W. M. Schmidt and L. Summerer introduced a new theory which allowed them to recover the main known inequalities relating the usual exponents of Diophantine approximation to a point in $\mathbb{R}^n$, and to discover new ones. They…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-26 Damien Roy

We propose a Kronecker product model for correlation or covariance matrices in the large dimensional case. The number of parameters of the model increases logarithmically with the dimension of the matrix. We propose a minimum distance (MD)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-20 Christian M. Hafner , Oliver B. Linton , Haihan Tang

A typical desideratum for quantifying the uncertainty from a classification model as a prediction set is class-conditional singleton set calibration. That is, such sets should map to the output of well-calibrated selective classifiers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Allen Schmaltz , Danielle Rasooly

Fix an integer $n\ge 2$. To each non-zero point $\mathbf{u}$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$, one attaches several numbers called exponents of Diophantine approximation. However, as Khintchine first observed, these numbers are not independent of each…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Damien Roy

Let $ \bbB_n =\frac{1}{n}(\bbR_n + \bbT^{1/2}_n \bbX_n)(\bbR_n + \bbT^{1/2}_n \bbX_n)^* $ where $ \bbX_n $ is a $ p \times n $ matrix with independent standardized random variables, $ \bbR_n $ is a $ p \times n $ non-random matrix,…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Zhidong Bai , Jiang Hu , Jack W. Silverstein , Huanchao Zhou

Complex continuous or mixed joint distributions (e.g., P(Y | z_1, z_2, ..., z_N)) generally lack closed-form solutions, often necessitating approximations such as MCMC. This paper proposes Indeterminate Probability Theory (IPT), which makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Tao Yang , Chuang Liu , Xiaofeng Ma , Weijia Lu , Ning Wu , Bingyang Li , Zhifei Yang , Peng Liu , Lin Sun , Xiaodong Zhang , Can Zhang

This article provides a central limit theorem for a consistent estimator of population eigenvalues with large multiplicities based on sample covariance matrices. The focus is on limited sample size situations, whereby the number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-08-31 Jianfeng Yao , Romain Couillet , Jamal Najim , Merouane Debbah

Recently a blind source separation model was suggested for spatial data together with an estimator based on the simultaneous diagonalisation of two scatter matrices. The asymptotic properties of this estimator are derived here and a new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-01 François Bachoc , Marc G. Genton , Klaus Nordhausen , Anne Ruiz-Gazen , Joni Virta

A new family of exactly solvable models is introduced. These models are generalizations of the XXZ chain where the distance among spins up ($\sigma^z$-basis) cannot be smaller or equal to t (t=0,1,2,...). The case t=0 recovers the standard…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. C. Alcaraz , R. Z. Bariev

Substances such as chemical compounds are invisible to human eyes, they are usually captured by sensing equipments with their spectral fingerprints. Though spectra of pure chemicals can be identified by visual inspection, the spectra of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-01-07 Yuanchang Sun , Wensong Wu , Jack Xin

In this paper, we consider the empirical spectral distribution of the sample correlation matrix and investigate its asymptotic behavior under mild assumptions on the data's distribution, when dimension and sample size increase at the same…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-01 Nina Dörnemann , Johannes Heiny

In this paper we propose a perturbative method for the reconstruction of the covariance matrix of a multinormal distribution, under the assumption that the only available information amounts to the covariance matrix of a spherically…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-19 Filippo Palombi , Simona Toti

Many models for chaotic systems consist of joining two integrable systems with incompatible constants of motion. The quantum counterparts of such models have a propagator which factorizes into two integrable parts. Each part can be…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-10-31 Tomaz Prosen , Thomas H. Seligman , Hans A. Weidenmueller

This paper proposes methods for likelihood-based inference in multivariate linear regressions when the correlation matrix of the responses is separable; that is, it has a Kronecker product structure, but the variances are unrestricted. The…

Computation · Statistics 2026-04-16 Karl Oskar Ekvall