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Large language models (LLMs) under-perform on low-resource languages due to limited training data. We present a method to efficiently collect text data for low-resource languages from the entire Common Crawl corpus. Our approach,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Bethel Melesse Tessema , Akhil Kedia , Tae-Sun Chung

Recommender Systems (RS) play a pivotal role in boosting user satisfaction by providing personalized product suggestions in domains such as e-commerce and entertainment. This study examines the integration of multimodal data text and audio…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Zezheng Qin

The mixture proportions of pretraining data domains (e.g., Wikipedia, books, web text) greatly affect language model (LM) performance. In this paper, we propose Domain Reweighting with Minimax Optimization (DoReMi), which first trains a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Sang Michael Xie , Hieu Pham , Xuanyi Dong , Nan Du , Hanxiao Liu , Yifeng Lu , Percy Liang , Quoc V. Le , Tengyu Ma , Adams Wei Yu

In long context scenarios, large language models (LLMs) face three main challenges: higher computational cost, performance reduction, and position bias. Research indicates that LLM performance hinges on the density and position of key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Xufang Luo , Dongsheng Li , Chin-Yew Lin , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Combining diverse foundation models is promising, but weight-merging is limited by mismatched architectures and closed APIs. Trinity addresses this with a lightweight coordinator that orchestrates collaboration among large language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jinglue Xu , Qi Sun , Peter Schwendeman , Stefan Nielsen , Edoardo Cetin , Yujin Tang

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) possess impressive multilingual understanding and generation capabilities. However, their performance and cross-lingual alignment often lag for non-dominant languages. A common solution is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mengyu Bu , Shaolei Zhang , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Yang Feng

Data mixing -- determining the ratios of data from different domains -- is a first-order concern for training language models (LMs). While existing mixing methods show promise, they fall short when applied during real-world LM development.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mayee F. Chen , Tyler Murray , David Heineman , Matt Jordan , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Christopher Ré , Luca Soldaini , Kyle Lo

Commonsense reasoning often requires both textual and visual knowledge, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) trained solely on text lack visual grounding (e.g., "what color is an emperor penguin's belly?"). Visual Language Models (VLMs) perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Guy Yariv , Idan Schwartz , Yossi Adi , Sagie Benaim

Large language models (LLMs) excel in general tasks but struggle with domain-specific ones, requiring fine-tuning with specific data. With many open-source LLMs available, selecting the best model for fine-tuning downstream tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Wei Huang , Huang Wei , Yinggui Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are at the forefront of transforming numerous domains globally. However, their inclusivity and effectiveness remain limited for non-Latin scripts and low-resource languages. This paper tackles the imperative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Somnath Kumar , Vaibhav Balloli , Mercy Ranjit , Kabir Ahuja , Tanuja Ganu , Sunayana Sitaram , Kalika Bali , Akshay Nambi

Test-Time Scaling (TTS) improves the reasoning performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) by allocating additional compute during inference. We conduct a structured survey of TTS methods and categorize them into sampling-based,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Ho-Lam Chung , Teng-Yun Hsiao , Hsiao-Ying Huang , Chunerh Cho , Jian-Ren Lin , Zhang Ziwei , Yun-Nung Chen

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems built on multilingual sequence-to-sequence Language Models (msLMs) fail to deliver expected results when the amount of parallel data for a language, as well as the language's representation in the…

Recent advances have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle reasoning tasks by generating chain-of-thought (CoT) rationales, yet these gains have largely applied to high-resource languages, leaving low-resource languages behind. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Khanh-Tung Tran , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Deploying large language models (LLMs) encounters challenges due to intensive computational and memory requirements. Our research examines vocabulary trimming (VT) inspired by restricting embedding entries to the language of interest to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Nikolay Bogoychev , Pinzhen Chen , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Audio large language models (LLMs) enable unified speech understanding and generation, but adapting them to linguistically complex and dialect-rich settings such as Arabic-English remains challenging. We present a controlled study of…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hunzalah Hassan Bhatti , Firoj Alam , Shammur Absar Chowdhury

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Instruction tuning is crucial for optimizing Large Language Models (LLMs), yet mainstream data selection methods heavily rely on LLMs as instruction quality scorers, leading to high computational costs and reduced data diversity. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hongyi Cai , Yuqian Fu , Hongming Fu , Bo Zhao

Methods for adapting language models (LMs) to new tasks and domains have traditionally assumed white-box access to the model, and work by modifying its parameters. However, this is incompatible with a recent trend in the field, where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Aitor Ormazabal , Mikel Artetxe , Eneko Agirre

General Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in reasoning, but those enhanced for translation struggle with reasoning tasks. To address this, we propose a novel translationenhanced recipe that begins with instruct models and applies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Changjiang Gao , Zixian Huang , Jingyang Gong , Shujian Huang , Lei Li , Fei Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse domains, thereby prompting researchers to explore their potential for use in recommendation systems. Initial attempts have leveraged the exceptional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Keqin Bao , Jizhi Zhang , Yang Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He
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