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Soft grippers are receiving growing attention due to their compliance-based interactive safety and dexterity. Hybrid gripper (soft actuators enhanced by rigid constraints) is a new trend in soft gripper design. With right structural…

Modulating the stiffness of soft actuators is crucial for improving the efficiency of interaction with the environment. However, current stiffness modulation mechanisms are hard to achieve high lateral stiffness and a wide range of bending…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Jianfeng Lin , Ruikang Xiao , Zhao Guo

Control of soft robotic manipulators remains a challenge for designs with advanced capabilities and novel actuation. Two significant limitations are multi-axis, three-dimensional motion of soft bodies alongside actuator dynamics and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Zach J. Patterson , Andrew P. Sabelhaus , Carmel Majidi

Soft robots have been increasingly utilized as sophisticated tools in physical rehabilitation, particularly for assisting patients with neuromotor impairments. However, many soft robotics for rehabilitation applications are characterized by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Haiyun Zhang , Gabrielle Naquila , Jung Hyun Bae , Zonghuan Wu , Ashwin Hingwe , Ashish Deshpande

Artificial muscles embody human aspirations for engineering lifelike robotic movements. This paper introduces an architecture for Inflatable Fluid-Driven Origami-Inspired Artificial Muscles (IN-FOAMs). A typical IN-FOAM consists of an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Siyuan Feng , Ruoyu Feng , Shuguang Li

Bio-inspired soft robots have already shown the ability to handle uncertainty and adapt to unstructured environments. However, their availability is partially restricted by time-consuming, costly and highly supervised design-fabrication…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Afonso Silva , Diogo Fonseca , Diogo M. Neto , Mihail Babcinschi , Pedro Neto

Shape-programmable soft materials that exhibit integrated multifunctional shape manipulations, including reprogrammable, untethered, fast, and reversible shape transformation and locking, are highly desirable for a plethora of applications,…

Soft robots have immense potential given their inherent safety and adaptability, but challenges in soft actuator forces and design constraints have limited scaling up soft robots to larger sizes. Electrothermal shape memory alloy (SMA)…

We detail a technique to produce actuators able to bear large strain and respond to an external magnetic field. The material used is PDMS reinforced with nickel coated carbon fibres. Thanks to the nickel functionalisation, the fibre…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-07-03 David C. Stanier , Jacopo Ciambella , Sameer S. Rahatekar

Small magnetic particles placed in a relatively soft polymer (with elastic modulus E ~ 10-100 kPa) are magnetically soft elastomers. The external magnetic field acts on each particle which leads to microscopic deformation of the material…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-12-25 Petr Andriushchenko , Leonid Afremov , Mariya Chernova

Rehabilitation robotics continues to confront substantial challenges, particularly in achieving smooth, safe, and intuitive human-robot interactions for upper limb motor training. Many current systems depend on complex mechanical designs,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Sima Ghafoori , Ali Rabiee , Maryam Norouzi , Musa Jouaneh , Reza Abiri

Soft actuators allow to transform external stimuli to mechanical deformations. Because of their deformational response to external magnetic fields, magnetic gels and elastomers represent ideal candidates for such tasks. Mostly, linear…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-07-01 Lukas Fischer , Andreas M. Menzel

Soft robots are powerful tools for manipulating delicate objects, yet their adoption is hindered by two gaps: the lack of integrated tactile sensing and sensor signal distortion caused by actuator deformations. This paper addresses these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Chengjin Du , Federico Bernabei , Zhengyin Du , Sergio Decherchi , Matteo Lo Preti , Lucia Beccai

Impressive animal locomotion capabilities are mediated by the co-evolution of the skeletal morphology and muscular properties. Legged robot performance would also likely benefit from the co-optimization of actuators and leg morphology.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Karthik Urs , Challen Enninful Adu , Elliott J. Rouse , Talia Y. Moore

Object manipulation is a fundamental challenge in robotics, where systems must balance trade-offs among manipulation capabilities, system complexity, and throughput. Distributed manipulator systems (DMS) use the coordinated motion of…

In this paper, a compressed air-actuated soft robotic module was developed by incorporating a shape memory alloy (SMA) wire into its structure to achieve the desired bending angle with greater precision. First, a fiber-reinforced bending…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Mohammadnavid Golchin

Electrically-driven soft robots based on piezoelectric actuators may enable compact form factors and maneuverability in complex environments. In most prior work, piezoelectric actuators are used to control a single degree of freedom. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Zhiwu Zheng , Prakhar Kumar , Yenan Chen , Hsin Cheng , Sigurd Wagner , Minjie Chen , Naveen Verma , James C. Sturm

Switchable adhesives have the potential to improve the manufacturing and recycling of parts and to enable new modes of motility for soft robots. Here, we demonstrate magnetically-switchable adhesion of a two-phase composite to non-magnetic…

Amongst the various fascinating types of material behavior featured by magnetic gels and elastomers are magnetostrictive effects. That is, deformations in shape or changes in volume are induced from outside by external magnetic fields.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-01-30 Lukas Fischer , Andreas M. Menzel

Underwater robotics has advanced significantly over recent decades. however, the development of miniaturized underwater robots remains limited by low energy densities of traditional power sources. Nature offers compelling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Chongze Bi , Wenjie Wu , Zonghao Zuo , Li Wen