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As closed-loop materials discovery systems scale to produce millions of candidate compounds, the credibility of the novelty they reward becomes a critical concern. Novelty is commonly assessed against databases of ordered crystal…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-24 Shuya Yamazaki , Yuyao Huang , Martin Hoffmann Petersen , Wei Nong , Kedar Hippalgaonkar

The prediction of crystal properties is essential for understanding structure-property relationships and accelerating the discovery of functional materials. However, conventional approaches relying on experimental measurements or density…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-24 Changwen Xu , Shang Zhu , Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan

Crystal structure prediction (CSP), which aims to predict the three-dimensional atomic arrangement of a crystal from its composition, is central to materials discovery and mechanistic understanding. However, given the composition in a unit…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-10 Shi Yin , Jinming Mu , Xudong Zhu , Linxin He

We review recent progress in applying information- and computation-theoretic measures to describe material structure that transcends previous methods based on exact geometric symmetries. We discuss the necessary theoretical background for…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-11-12 Dowman P. Varn , James P. Crutchfield

Determination of the symmetry profile of structures is a persistent challenge in materials science. Results often vary amongst standard packages, hindering autonomous materials development by requiring continuous user attention and educated…

Generative design marks a significant data-driven advancement in the exploration of novel inorganic materials, which entails learning the symmetry equivalent to the crystal structure prediction (CSP) task and subsequent learning of their…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-03-22 Ruiming Zhu , Wei Nong , Shuya Yamazaki , Kedar Hippalgaonkar

A definition of structural diversity, adapted from the biodiversity literature, is introduced to provide a general characterization of structures of condensed matter. Using the Favored Local Structure (FLS) lattice model as a testbed, the…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-08-16 Yueran Wang , Peter Harrowell

The design of materials with tailored properties is crucial for technological progress. However, most deep generative models focus exclusively on perfectly ordered crystals, neglecting the important class of disordered materials. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Liming Wu , Rui Jiao , Qi Li , Mingze Li , Songyou Li , Shifeng Jin , Wenbing Huang

The application of generative models in crystal structure prediction (CSP) has gained significant attention. Conditional generation--particularly the generation of crystal structures with specified stability or other physical properties has…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-14 Takanori Ishii , Kaoru Hisama , Kohei Shinohara

Crystals are a state of matter characterised by periodic order. Yet crystalline materials can harbour disorder in many guises, such as non-repeating variations in composition, atom displacements, bonding arrangements, molecular…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-12-03 Arkadiy Simonov , Andrew L. Goodwin

Inorganic crystals are periodic, highly-symmetric arrangements of atoms in three-dimensional space. Their structures are constrained by the symmetry operations of a crystallographic \emph{space group} and restricted to lie in specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Omri Puny , Yaron Lipman , Benjamin Kurt Miller

Crystal symmetry plays a fundamental role in determining its physical, chemical, and electronic properties such as electrical and thermal conductivity, optical and polarization behavior, and mechanical strength. Almost all known crystalline…

Novel Class Discovery (NCD) involves identifying new categories within unlabeled data by utilizing knowledge acquired from previously established categories. However, existing NCD methods often struggle to maintain a balance between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yue Hou , Xueyuan Chen , He Zhu , Romei Liu , Bowen Shi , Jiaheng Liu , Junran Wu , Ke Xu

The large amount of powder diffraction data for which the corresponding crystal structures have not yet been identified suggests the existence of numerous undiscovered, physically relevant crystal structure prototypes. In this paper, we…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-10-31 Abhijith S. Parackal , Rhys E. A. Goodall , Felix A. Faber , Rickard Armiento

Complexity is a measure of information content. Crystalline materials are not complex systems because their structures can be represented tersely using the language of crystallography. Disordered materials are also structurally simple if…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-09-12 Andrew L. Goodwin

Crystal structure determines properties of materials. With the crystal structure of a chemical substance, many physical and chemical properties can be predicted by first-principles calculations or machine learning models. Since it is…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-09-22 Wenhui Yang , Edirisuriya M. Dilanga Siriwardane , Rongzhi Dong , Yuxin Li , Jianjun Hu

Generating irreducible site-occupancy configurations by taking advantage of crystal symmetry is a ubiquitous method for accelerating of disordered structure prediction, which plays an important role in condensed matter physics and material…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Ji-Chun Lian , Hong-Yu Wu , Wei-Qing Huang , Wangyu Hu , Gui-Fang Huang

Generating novel crystalline materials has the potential to lead to advancements in fields such as electronics, energy storage, and catalysis. The defining characteristic of crystals is their symmetry, which plays a central role in…

A fundamental challenge in materials science pertains to elucidating the relationship between stoichiometry, stability, structure, and property. Recent advances have shown that machine learning can be used to learn such relationships,…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-03-17 Rhys E. A. Goodall , Abhijith S. Parackal , Felix A. Faber , Rickard Armiento , Alpha A. Lee

Statistically sound crystallographic symmetry classifications are obtained with information theory based methods in the presence of approximately Gaussian distributed noise. A set of three synthetic images with very strong Fedorov type…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-28 Peter Moeck
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