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Post-disaster reconnaissance reports contain critical evidence for understanding multi-hazard interactions, yet their unstructured narratives make systematic knowledge transfer difficult. Large language models (LLMs) offer new potential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Chenchen Kuai , Zihao Li , Braden Rosen , Stephanie Paal , Navid Jafari , Jean-Louis Briaud , Yunlong Zhang , Youssef M. A. Hashash , Yang Zhou

Open-ended question answering (QA) evaluates a model's ability to perform contextualized reasoning beyond factual recall. This challenge is especially acute in practice-based domains, where knowledge is procedural and grounded in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Si Chen , Le Huy Khiem , Annalisa Szymanski , Ronald Metoyer , Ting Hua , Nitesh V. Chawla

Document Layout Analysis (DLA) pipelines provide structured page representations for retrieval-augmented generation, long-document question answering, and other document intelligence systems, yet their robustness evaluation remains largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yue Chen , Yihao Wang , Ziyi Tang , Yongsen Zheng , Keze Wang

This research project addresses the errors of financial numerical reasoning Question Answering (QA) tasks due to the lack of domain knowledge in finance. Despite recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), financial numerical questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yukun Zhang , Stefan Elbl Droguett , Samyak Jain

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have become the standard paradigm for adapting large-scale models. Among these techniques, Weight-Decomposed Low-Rank Adaptation (DoRA) has been shown to improve both the learning capacity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Nghiem T. Diep , Hien Dang , Tuan Truong , Tan Dinh , Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into healthcare to address complex inquiries, ensuring their reliability remains a critical challenge. Recent studies have highlighted that generic LLMs often struggle in clinical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Bian Sun , Zhenjian Wang , Orvill de la Torre , Zirui Wang

The success of large language models (LLMs) depends heavily on large-scale, high-quality instruction-following and reinforcement datasets. However, generating such data through human annotation is prohibitively time-consuming particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenhua Shi , Gregor Macdonald , Bhavika Jalli , Wanlu Lei , John Zou , Mridul Jain , Joji Philip

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has become one of the most popular methods for bringing knowledge-intensive context to large language models (LLM) because of its ability to bring local context at inference time without the cost or data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Michael J. Ryan , Danmei Xu , Chris Nivera , Daniel Campos

Medical question-answering (QA) systems can benefit from advances in large language models (LLMs), but directly applying LLMs to the clinical domain poses challenges such as maintaining factual accuracy and avoiding hallucinations. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Tasnimul Hassan , Md Faisal Karim , Haziq Jeelani , Elham Behnam , Robert Green , Fayeq Jeelani Syed

With recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), grounding and referring capabilities have gained increasing attention for achieving detailed understanding and flexible user interaction. However, these capabilities still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Yinan Zhou , Yuxin Chen , Haokun Lin , Yichen Wu , Shuyu Yang , Zhongang Qi , Chen Ma , Li Zhu , Ying Shan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrates large language models (LLMs) with external sources, but unresolved contradictions in retrieved evidence often lead to hallucinations and legally unsound outputs. Benchmarks currently used for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ananya Mantravadi , Shivali Dalmia , Olga Pospelova , Abhishek Mukherji , Nand Dave , Anudha Mittal

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has proven highly effective in improving large language models (LLMs) across various domains. However, there is no benchmark specifically designed to assess the effectiveness of RAG in the legal domain,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Haitao Li , Yifan Chen , Yiran Hu , Qingyao Ai , Junjie Chen , Xiaoyu Yang , Jianhui Yang , Yueyue Wu , Zeyang Liu , Yiqun Liu

The main issue with most evaluation schemes today is their "static" nature: the same problems are reused repeatedly, allowing for memorization, format exploitation, and eventual saturation. To measure genuine AI progress, we need evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zerui Cheng , Jiashuo Liu , Chunjie Wu , Jianzhu Yao , Pramod Viswanath , Ge Zhang , Wenhao Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems face significant performance gaps when applied to technical domains requiring precise information extraction from complex documents. Current evaluation methodologies relying on document-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Aryan Jadon , Avinash Patil , Shashank Kumar

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly mitigates the hallucinations and domain knowledge deficiency in large language models by incorporating external knowledge bases. However, the multi-module architecture of RAG introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yanming Mu , Hao Hu , Feiyang Li , Qiao Yuan , Jiang Wu , Zichuan Liu , Pengcheng Liu , Mei Wang , Hongwei Zhou , Yuling Liu

Legal question answering (QA) has attracted increasing attention from people seeking legal advice, which aims to retrieve the most applicable answers from a large-scale database of question-answer pairs. Previous methods mainly use a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Shiwen Ni , Hao Cheng , Min Yang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances LLM factuality, but multi-domain applications face challenges like lack of diverse benchmarks and poor out-of-domain generalization. The first contribution of this work is to introduce a diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Alexandre Misrahi , Nadezhda Chirkova , Maxime Louis , Vassilina Nikoulina

Progress in continual reinforcement learning has been limited due to several barriers to entry: missing code, high compute requirements, and a lack of suitable benchmarks. In this work, we present CORA, a platform for Continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Sam Powers , Eliot Xing , Eric Kolve , Roozbeh Mottaghi , Abhinav Gupta

Accurate domain-specific benchmarking of LLMs is essential, specifically in domains with direct implications for humans, such as law, healthcare, and education. However, existing benchmarks are documented to be contaminated and are based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Nitin Sharma , Thomas Wolfers , Çağatay Yıldız

Existing QA benchmarks typically assume distinct documents with minimal overlap, yet real-world retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems operate on corpora such as financial reports, legal codes, and patents, where information is highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Hanjun Cho , Jay-Yoon Lee