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Patient pain can be detected highly reliably from facial expressions using a set of facial muscle-based action units (AUs) defined by the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). A key characteristic of facial expression of pain is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Zhanli Chen , Rashid Ansari , Diana J. Wilkie

Facial expression is a standout amongst the most imperative features of human emotion recognition. For demonstrating the emotional states facial expressions are utilized by the people. In any case, recognition of facial expressions has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-30 S. D. Lalitha , K. K. Thyagharajan

Facial micro-expressions recognition has attracted much attention recently. Micro-expressions have the characteristics of short duration and low intensity, and it is difficult to train a high-performance classifier with the limited number…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Yanxin Song , Jianzong Wang , Tianbo Wu , Zhangcheng Huang , Jing Xiao

Micro-expressions (MEs) are crucial leakages of concealed emotion, yet their study has been constrained by a reliance on silent, visual-only data. To solve this issue, we introduce two principal contributions. First, MMED, to our knowledge,…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Junbo Wang , Yan Zhao , Shuo Li , Shibo Wang , Shigang Wang , Jian Wei

Micro-expressions (MEs) are brief, involuntary facial movements that reveal genuine emotions, offering valuable insights for psychological assessment and criminal investigations. Despite significant progress in automatic ME recognition…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xinglong Mao , Shifeng Liu , Sirui Zhao , Tong Xu , Hanchao Wang , Baozhi Jia , Enhong Chen

Micro-expressions (MEs), brief and low-intensity facial movements revealing concealed emotions, are crucial for affective computing. Despite notable progress in ME recognition, existing methods are largely confined to discrete emotion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Sirui Zhao , Zhengye Zhang , Shifeng Liu , Xinglong Mao , Shukang Yin , Chaoyou Fu , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Human emotions involve basic and compound facial expressions. However, current research on facial expression recognition (FER) mainly focuses on basic expressions, and thus fails to address the diversity of human emotions in practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Xinyi Zou , Yan Yan , Jing-Hao Xue , Si Chen , Hanzi Wang

Multimodal emotion recognition (MER) aims to infer human affect by jointly modeling audio and visual cues; however, existing approaches often struggle with temporal misalignment, weakly discriminative feature representations, and suboptimal…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Joe Dhanith P R , Shravan Venkatraman , Vigya Sharma , Santhosh Malarvannan

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) focuses on identifying and interpreting emotions from modality-compound inputs. Closely mirroring human cognitive processes in real-world environments, MER has drawn substantial attention from both…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Hongrui Zhang , Daiqing Wu , Yangyang Li , Kuien Liu , Yuhui Wang , Yu Zhou , Sicheng Zhao

Automatic Micro-Expression (ME) spotting in long videos is a crucial step in ME analysis but also a challenging task due to the short duration and low intensity of MEs. When solving this problem, previous works generally lack in considering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Shukang Yin , Shiwei Wu , Tong Xu , Shifeng Liu , Sirui Zhao , Enhong Chen

Facial micro-expressions are sudden involuntary minute muscle movements which reveal true emotions that people try to conceal. Spotting a micro-expression and recognizing it is a major challenge owing to its short duration and intensity.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Sauradip Nag , Ayan Kumar Bhunia , Aishik Konwer , Partha Pratim Roy

In many domains, including online education, healthcare, security, and human-computer interaction, facial emotion recognition (FER) is essential. Real-world FER is still difficult despite its significance because of some factors such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Deeptimaan Banerjee , Prateek Gothwal , Ashis Kumer Biswas

People naturally understand emotions, thus permitting a machine to do the same could open new paths for human-computer interaction. Facial expressions can be very useful for emotion recognition techniques, as these are the biggest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Pietro B. S. Masur , Willams Costa , Lucas S. Figueredo , Veronica Teichrieb

Emotional expressions are the behaviors that communicate our emotional state or attitude to others. They are expressed through verbal and non-verbal communication. Complex human behavior can be understood by studying physical features from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Liam Schoneveld , Alice Othmani , Hazem Abdelkawy

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly embedded in our daily life, the ability to recognize and adapt to human emotions is essential for effective human-computer interaction. Facial expression recognition (FER) provides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Thibault Geoffroy , Myriam Maumy , Lionel Prevost

As a spontaneous expression of emotion on face, micro-expression reveals the underlying emotion that cannot be controlled by human. In micro-expression, facial movement is transient and sparsely localized through time. However, the existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Min Peng , Chongyang Wang , Yuan Gao , Tao Bi , Tong Chen , Yu Shi , Xiang-Dong Zhou

Facial expressions play an important role in conveying the emotional states of human beings. Recently, deep learning approaches have been applied to image recognition field due to the discriminative power of Convolutional Neural Network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Yingruo Fan , Jacqueline C. K. Lam , Victor O. K. Li

Micro-expressions serve as essential cues for understanding individuals' genuine emotional states. Recognizing micro-expressions attracts increasing research attention due to its various applications in fields such as business negotiation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Fengyuan Zhang , Zhaopei Huang , Xinjie Zhang , Qin Jin

Facial Action Unit (AU) detection is a crucial task for emotion analysis from facial movements. The apparent differences of different subjects sometimes mislead changes brought by AUs, resulting in inaccurate results. However, most of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Jiyuan Cao , Zhilei Liu , Yong Zhang

Dynamic emotion recognition in the wild remains challenging due to the transient nature of emotional expressions and temporal misalignment of multi-modal cues. Traditional approaches predict valence and arousal and often overlook the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Vrushank Ahire , Kunal Shah , Mudasir Nazir Khan , Nikhil Pakhale , Lownish Rai Sookha , M. A. Ganaie , Abhinav Dhall