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Autonomous agents empowered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have undergone significant improvements, enabling them to generalize across a broad spectrum of tasks. However, in real-world scenarios, cooperation among individuals is often…

Software testing is a core discipline in software engineering where a large array of research results has been produced, notably in the area of automatic test generation. Because existing approaches produce test cases that either can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Laura Plein , Wendkûuni C. Ouédraogo , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Design patterns provide reusable solutions to recurring software design problems. Automatically detecting these patterns in source code can help bootstrap new developers' understanding of unfamiliar software system architectures, and can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Oishik Chowdhury , Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu , Sherlock A. Licorish

Although large language models (LLMs) have transformed AI, they still make mistakes and can explore unproductive reasoning paths. Self-correction capability is essential for deploying LLMs in safety-critical applications. We uncover a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ken Tsui

We introduce an architecture for studying the behavior of large language model (LLM) agents in the absence of externally imposed tasks. Our continuous reason and act framework, using persistent memory and self-feedback, enables sustained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Stefan Szeider

Patching severe security flaws in complex software remains a major challenge. While automated tools like fuzzers efficiently discover bugs, fixing deep-rooted low-level faults (e.g., use-after-free and memory corruption) still requires…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Maolin Sun , Yibiao Yang , Xuanlin Liu , Yuming Zhou , Baowen Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced in various fields and intelligent agent applications. However, current LLMs that learn from human or external model supervision are costly and may face performance ceilings as task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhengwei Tao , Ting-En Lin , Xiancai Chen , Hangyu Li , Yuchuan Wu , Yongbin Li , Zhi Jin , Fei Huang , Dacheng Tao , Jingren Zhou

Effort estimation is a crucial activity in agile software development, where teams collaboratively review, discuss, and estimate the effort required to complete user stories in a product backlog. Current practices in agile effort estimation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Thanh-Long Bui , Hoa Khanh Dam , Rashina Hoda

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced capabilities in natural language processing and artificial intelligence. These models, including GPT-3.5 and LLaMA-2, have revolutionized text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yunhong He , Jianling Qiu , Wei Zhang , Zhengqing Yuan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to automated software testing, yet their ability to generalize beyond memorized patterns and reason about natural language bug reports remains unclear. We present a systematic evaluation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Irtaza Sajid Qureshi , Zhen Ming , Jiang

Large Language Model (LLM) code agents increasingly resolve repository-level issues by iteratively editing code, invoking tools, and validating candidate patches. In these workflows, agents often write tests on the fly, but the value of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhi Chen , Zhensu Sun , Yuling Shi , Chao Peng , Xiaodong Gu , David Lo , Lingxiao Jiang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and related technologies such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and Diagram of Thought (DoT) have enabled the creation of autonomous intelligent systems capable of performing cluster…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Honghao Shi , Longkai Cheng , Wenli Wu , Yuhang Wang , Xuan Liu , Shaokai Nie , Weixv Wang , Xuebin Min , Chunlei Men , Yonghua Lin

Rapidly evolving cyberattacks demand incident response systems that can autonomously learn and adapt to changing threats. Prior work has extensively explored the reinforcement learning approach, which involves learning response strategies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yiran Gao , Kim Hammar , Tao Li

LLM-based agents represent a paradigm shift in AI, enabling autonomous systems to plan, reason, and use tools while interacting with dynamic environments. This paper provides the first comprehensive survey of evaluation methods for these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Alan Li , Guy Uziel , Yilun Zhao , Roy Bar-Haim , Arman Cohan , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

Ensuring web accessibility at scale remains challenging because rule-based tools provide limited coverage while manual remediation is costly and error-prone. This paper evaluates large language model based agents, specifically Kimi K2.5,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Oluwatoyosi Oyelayo , Ghada Abushaqra , Parham Asadi , Durjoy Dey , Diego Elias Costa

The advent of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, PaLM, and GPT-4 has catalyzed remarkable advances in natural language processing, demonstrating human-like language fluency and reasoning capacities. This position paper introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zhixuan Chu , Yan Wang , Feng Zhu , Lu Yu , Longfei Li , Jinjie Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional coding capability. However, as another critical component of programming proficiency, the debugging capability of LLMs remains relatively unexplored. Previous evaluations of LLMs'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Runchu Tian , Yining Ye , Yujia Qin , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin , Yinxu Pan , Yesai Wu , Haotian Hui , Weichuan Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Given that Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to automate software development, comprehensive software assurance spans three distinct goals: regression prevention, reactive reproduction, and proactive discovery. Current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Steven Liu , Jane Luo , Xin Zhang , Aofan Liu , Hao Liu , Jie Wu , Ziyang Huang , Yangyu Huang , Yu Kang , Scarlett Li

The rapid adoption of Large Language Model (LLM) agents and multi-agent systems enables remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and generation. However, these systems introduce security vulnerabilities that extend beyond…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Matteo Lupinacci , Francesco Aurelio Pironti , Francesco Blefari , Francesco Romeo , Luigi Arena , Angelo Furfaro

Bug triaging, the task of assigning new issues to developers, is often slow and inconsistent in large projects. We present a lightweight framework that instruction-tuned large language model (LLM) with LoRA adapters and uses…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Kiana Kiashemshaki , Arsham Khosravani , Alireza Hosseinpour , Arshia Akhavan