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With the popularity of software ecosystems, the number of open source components (known as packages) has grown rapidly. Identifying high-quality and well-maintained packages from a large pool of packages to depend on is a basic and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Suhaib Mujahid , Rabe Abdalkareem , Emad Shihab

Modern software projects depend on third-party dependencies, whose declarations must be maintained as projects evolve. Prior work has focused on dependency version updates, while much less is known about how developers assign dependencies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuxin Liu , Cristian Bogdan , Benoit Baudry

Package managers such as NPM have become essential for software development. The NPM repository hosts over 2 million packages and serves over 43 billion downloads every week. Unfortunately, the NPM dependency solver has several…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Donald Pinckney , Federico Cassano , Arjun Guha , Jon Bell , Massimiliano Culpo , Todd Gamblin

Vulnerabilities in open source packages can be a security risk for the client projects that use these packages as dependencies. When a new vulnerability is discovered in a package, the package should quickly release a fix in a new version,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Nasif Imtiaz , Aniqa Khanom , Laurie Williams

With the urgent need to secure supply chains among Open Source libraries, attention has focused on mitigating vulnerabilities detected in these libraries. Although awareness has improved recently, most studies still report delays in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ruksit Rojpaisarnkit , Hathaichanok Damrongsiri , Christoph Treude , Ali Ouni , Raula Gaikovina Kula

Nearly every popular programming language comes with one or more package managers. The software packages distributed by such package managers form large software ecosystems. These packaging ecosystems contain a large number of package…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Alexandre Decan , Tom Mens , Philippe Grosjean

Vulnerabilities in software libraries and reusable components cause major security challenges, particularly in dependency-heavy ecosystems such as Maven. This paper presents a large-scale analysis of vulnerabilities in the Maven ecosystem…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Md Fazle Rabbi , Rajshakhar Paul , Arifa Islam Champa , Minhaz F. Zibran

Modern software development relies on package ecosystems where a single declared dependency can pull in many additional transitive packages. This dependency amplification, defined as the ratio of transitive to direct dependencies, has major…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Jahidul Arafat

With the emergence of the Node.js ecosystem, JavaScript has become a widely-used programming language for implementing server-side web applications. In this paper, we present the first empirical study of static code analysis tools for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Tiago Brito , Mafalda Ferreira , Miguel Monteiro , Pedro Lopes , Miguel Barros , José Fragoso Santos , Nuno Santos

Background: Modern software uses many third-party libraries and frameworks as dependencies. Known vulnerabilities in these dependencies are a potential security risk. Software composition analysis (SCA) tools, therefore, are being…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Nasif Imtiaz , Seaver Thorne , Laurie Williams

With the rise of the library ecosystem (such as NPM for JavaScript and PyPI for Python), a developer has access to a multitude of library packages that they can adopt as dependencies into their application.Prior work has found that these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Supatsara Wattanakriengkrai , Christoph Treude , Raula Gaikovina Kula

The large amount of third-party packages available in fast-moving software ecosystems, such as Node.js/npm, enables attackers to compromise applications by pushing malicious updates to their package dependencies. Studying the npm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Gabriel Ferreira , Limin Jia , Joshua Sunshine , Christian Kästner

Recent high-profile incidents in open-source software have greatly raised practitioner attention on software supply chain attacks. To guard against potential malicious package updates, security practitioners advocate pinning dependency to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Hao He , Bogdan Vasilescu , Christian Kästner

Open-source software (OSS) supply chain security has become a topic of concern for organizations. Patching an OSS vulnerability can require updating other dependent software products in addition to the original package. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Cadence Patrick , Kimberly Ruth , Zakir Durumeric

Open-source software (OSS) has become increasingly more popular across different domains. However, this rapid development and widespread adoption come with a security cost. The growing complexity and openness of OSS ecosystems have led to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Seyed Ali Akhavani , Behzad Ousat , Amin Kharraz

JavaScript packages are notoriously prone to bloat, a factor that significantly impacts the performance and maintainability of web applications. While web bundlers and tree-shaking can mitigate this issue in client-side applications,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yuxin Liu , Deepika Tiwari , Cristian Bogdan , Benoit Baudry

It has become common practice for software projects to adopt third-party dependencies. Developers are encouraged to update any outdated dependency to remain safe from potential threats of vulnerabilities. In this study, we present an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Bodin Chinthanet , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Rodrigo Eliza Zapata , Takashi Ishio , Kenichi Matsumoto , Akinori Ihara

This paper is an introductory discussion on the cause of open source software vulnerabilities, their importance in the cybersecurity ecosystem, and a selection of detection methods. A recent application security report showed 44% of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Stuart Millar

A software supply chain attack is characterized by the injection of malicious code into a software package in order to compromise dependent systems further down the chain. Recent years saw a number of supply chain attacks that leverage the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Marc Ohm , Henrik Plate , Arnold Sykosch , Michael Meier

This study investigates vulnerabilities in dependencies of sampled open-source software (OSS) projects, the relationship between these and overall project security, and how developers' behaviors and practices influence their mitigation.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Janislley Oliveira de Sousa , Bruno Carvalho de Farias , Eddie Batista de Lima Filho , Lucas Carvalho Cordeiro