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Although the average population density of a city is an extremely simple indicator, it is often used as a determinant factor for describing various aspects of urban phenomena. On the other hand, a plethora of different measures that aim at…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-04 Valerio Volpati , Marc Barthelemy

Sustainable development is an imperative worldwide but metrics and data on poverty and quality of life have remained too coarse and abstract to characterize challenges adequately and guide practical progress. Nowhere is this challenge…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-01 Luis M. A Bettencourt , Nicholas Marchio

Human mobility in cities is shaped not only by visible structures such as highways, rivers, and parks but also by invisible barriers rooted in socioeconomic segregation, uneven access to amenities, and administrative divisions. Yet…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Guangyuan Weng , Minsuk Kim , Yong-Yeol Ahn , Esteban Moro

Brazilian executive body has consistently vetoed legislative initiatives easing creation and emancipation of municipalities. The literature lists evidence of the negative results of municipal fragmentation, especially so for metropolitan…

General Economics · Economics 2019-01-09 Bernardo Alves Furtado

Why are some neighborhoods strongly connected while others remain isolated? Although standard explanations focus on demographics, economics, and geography, movement across the city may also depend on cultural styles and amenity mix. This…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Thiago H Silva , Daniel Silver , Gustavo Santos , Myriam Delgado

The Schelling model of segregation was introduced in economics to show how micro-motives can influence macro-behavior. Agents on a lattice have two colors and try to move to a different location if the number of their neighbors with a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-10-11 Zhanzhan Zhao , Dana Randall

A longstanding puzzle in urban science is whether there's an intrinsic match between human populations and the mass of their built environments. Previous findings have revealed various urban properties scaling nonlinearly with population,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-11 Kangning Huang , Mingzhen Lu

Cities are at the forefront of addressing global sustainability challenges, particularly those exacerbated by climate change. Traditional zoning codes, which often segregate land uses, have been linked to increased vehicular dependence,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Arianna Salazar-Miranda , Emily Talen

Assuming that the ultimate purpose of the city is to provide support to human interaction and that opportunities to that social interaction are unevenly distributed across the urban fabric, this paper reports some attempts to describe such…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-11-13 Romulo Krafta

Addressing issues of social diversity, we introduce a model of housing transactions between agents who are heterogeneous in their willingness to pay. A key assumption is that agents' preferences for a location depend on both an intrinsic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-10-09 Laetitia Gauvin , Annick Vignes , Jean-Pierre Nadal

We present a novel analytical framework to examine socio-spatial segregation across multiple spatial scales, explicitly leveraging information theory and percolation theory. This framework emphasizes the interplay between regional…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-22 Mateo Neira , Valentina Marin , Elsa Arcaute

\abstract{Urban scaling theories posit that larger cities exhibit disproportionately higher levels of socioeconomic activity and human interactions. Yet, evidence from developing contexts (especially those marked by stark socioeconomic…

Neighborhood gentrification plays a significant role in shaping the social and economic well-being of both individuals and communities at large. While some efforts have been made to detect gentrification in cities, existing approaches rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Tianyuan Huang , Timothy Dai , Zhecheng Wang , Hesu Yoon , Hao Sheng , Andrew Y. Ng , Ram Rajagopal , Jackelyn Hwang

In this article, the relationship between two well-accepted empirical propositions regarding the distribution of population in cities, namely, Gibrat's law and Zipf's law, are rigorously examined using the Chinese census data. Our findings…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-01-07 Kausik Gangopadhyay , B. Basu

A rich literature has explored the modeling of homophily and other forms of nonuniform mixing associated with individual-level covariates within the exponential family random graph (ERGM) framework. Such differential mixing does not fully…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Francis Lee , Carter T. Butts

Segregation is a highly nuanced concept that researchers have worked to define and measure over the past several decades. Conventional approaches tend to estimate segregation based on residential patterns in a static manner. In this work,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-04-17 Nandini Iyer , Ronaldo Menezes , Hugo Barbosa

Quantifying the spatial organization of human settlements is fundamental to understanding the complexity of urban systems. However, the quantitative patterns of the distribution of villages, towns, and cities that lie between random and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-06 Lei Dong

The paper seeks to interpret the interface between innovation, industry and urban business agglomeration, by trying to understand how local/regional entrepreneurs and social agents use the forces of agglomeration to organize productive…

General Economics · Economics 2023-11-17 Edilson Pereira Junior

The phenomenon of gentrification of an urban area is characterized by the displacement of lower-income residents due to rising living costs and an influx of wealthier individuals. This study presents an agent-based model that simulates…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-07 Giovanni Mauro , Nicola Pedreschi , Renaud Lambiotte , Luca Pappalardo

Urban areas serve as melting pots of people with diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, who may not only be segregated but have characteristic mobility patterns in the city. While mobility is driven by individual needs and preferences, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-26 Rafiazka Millanida Hilman , Gerardo Iñiguez , Márton Karsai