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Ternary quantization has emerged as a powerful technique for reducing both computational and memory footprint of large language models (LLM), enabling efficient real-time inference deployment without significantly compromising model…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Zhirui Huang , Rui Ma , Shijie Cao , Ran Shu , Ian Wang , Ting Cao , Chixiao Chen , Yongqiang Xiong

Recent advancements in autoregressive transformers have demonstrated remarkable potential for generating artist-quality meshes. However, the token ordering strategies employed by existing methods typically fail to meet professional artist…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Rui Xu , Dafei Qin , Kaichun Qiao , Qiujie Dong , Huaijin Pi , Qixuan Zhang , Longwen Zhang , Lan Xu , Jingyi Yu , Wenping Wang , Taku Komura

Despite growing interest in using large language models (LLMs) to automate annotation, their effectiveness in complex, nuanced, and multi-dimensional labelling tasks remains relatively underexplored. This study focuses on annotation for the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Leila Tavakoli , Hamed Zamani

Distantly-Supervised Named Entity Recognition effectively alleviates the burden of time-consuming and expensive annotation in the supervised setting. But the context-free matching process and the limited coverage of knowledge bases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shuzheng Si , Zefan Cai , Shuang Zeng , Guoqiang Feng , Jiaxing Lin , Baobao Chang

Semantic occupancy prediction aims to infer dense geometry and semantics of surroundings for an autonomous agent to operate safely in the 3D environment. Existing occupancy prediction methods are almost entirely trained on human-annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Zhiyu Tan , Zichao Dong , Cheng Zhang , Weikun Zhang , Hang Ji , Hao Li

Subword tokenization is a key part of many NLP pipelines. However, little is known about why some tokenizer and hyperparameter combinations lead to better downstream model performance than others. We propose that good tokenizers lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Vilém Zouhar , Clara Meister , Juan Luis Gastaldi , Li Du , Mrinmaya Sachan , Ryan Cotterell

Clinical studies often require understanding elements of a patient's narrative that exist only in free text clinical notes. To transform notes into structured data for downstream use, these elements are commonly extracted and normalized to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Monica Agrawal , Chloe O'Connell , Yasmin Fatemi , Ariel Levy , David Sontag

Unsupervised text style transfer aims to alter text styles while preserving the content, without aligned data for supervision. Existing seq2seq methods face three challenges: 1) the transfer is weakly interpretable, 2) generated outputs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Chen Wu , Xuancheng Ren , Fuli Luo , Xu Sun

While model architecture and training objectives are well-studied, tokenization, particularly in multilingual contexts, remains a relatively neglected aspect of Large Language Model (LLM) development. Existing tokenizers often exhibit high…

Annotating large collections of textual data can be time consuming and expensive. That is why the ability to train models with limited annotation budgets is of great importance. In this context, it has been shown that under tight annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 César González-Gutiérrez , Audi Primadhanty , Francesco Cazzaro , Ariadna Quattoni

LNT is a modern language for the formal description of concurrent systems. It generalizes traditional process calculi and overcomes their known limitations by incorporating features such as an imperative programming style with direct…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Hubert Garavel

Recurrent LLM architectures have emerged as a promising approach for improving reasoning, as they enable multi-step computation in the embedding space without generating intermediate tokens. Models such as Ouro perform reasoning by…

Large Language Models for code often entail significant computational complexity, which grows significantly with the length of the input code sequence. We propose LeanCode for code simplification to reduce training and prediction time,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yan Wang , Ling Ding , Tien N Nguyen , Shaohua Wang , Yanan Zheng

Eliciting explicit, step-by-step reasoning traces from large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a dominant paradigm for enhancing model capabilities. Although such reasoning strategies were originally designed for problems requiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Xinyu Guo , Yazhou Zhang , Jing Qin

Transformers, the backbone of modern large language models (LLMs), face inherent architectural limitations that impede their reasoning capabilities. Unlike recurrent networks, Transformers lack recurrent connections, confining them to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Xiang Zhang , Juntai Cao , Chenyu You

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning improves large language models (LLMs) on difficult tasks, but it also makes inference expensive because every intermediate step must be generated as a discrete token. Latent reasoning reduces visible token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xuan Li , Yining Wang , Yuchen Liu , Guanjun Liu , Delai Qiu , Shengping Liu , Jiaen Liang , Wei Huang , Jun Yu , Junnan Zhu

Modern reasoning models, such as OpenAI's o1 and DeepSeek-R1, exhibit impressive problem-solving capabilities but suffer from critical inefficiencies: high inference latency, excessive computational resource consumption, and a tendency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Hang Yuan , Bin Yu , Haotian Li , Shijun Yang , Christina Dan Wang , Zhou Yu , Xueyin Xu , Weizhen Qi , Kai Chen

State-space models are a low-complexity alternative to transformers for encoding long sequences and capturing long-term dependencies. We propose LOCOST: an encoder-decoder architecture based on state-space models for conditional text…

Token representations in high-dimensional latent spaces often exhibit redundancy, limiting computational efficiency and reducing structural coherence across model layers. Hierarchical latent space folding introduces a structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Fenella Harcourt , Naderdel Piero , Gilbert Sutherland , Daphne Holloway , Harriet Bracknell , Julian Ormsby

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) significantly improve the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by learning to reason, exhibiting promising performance in solving complex tasks. However, their deliberative reasoning process leads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yue Liu , Jiaying Wu , Yufei He , Ruihan Gong , Jun Xia , Liang Li , Hongcheng Gao , Hongyu Chen , Baolong Bi , Jiaheng Zhang , Zhiqi Huang , Bryan Hooi , Stan Z. Li , Keqin Li