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Verifying LLM-generated systems code is hard: bugs are prevalent, formal specifications are missing, and safety contracts are encoded implicitly at call sites rather than enforced at function boundaries. We propose agentic model checking, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Youcheng Sun , Jiawen Liu , Daniel Kroening , Jason Xue

Large language models still struggle with contest-level programming, while many agentic remedies rely on massive inference-time sampling or expensive multi-stage post-training. We study when execution feedback reliably helps an LLM CP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Peisong Wang , Bowen Liu , Zehua Li , Yuyao Wang , Zhiwei Ma , Yuhan Li , Jia Li

Goal-directed evaluation of Answer Set Programs is gaining traction thanks to its amenability to create AI systems that can, due to the evaluation mechanism used, generate explanations and justifications. s(CASP) is one of these systems and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Joaquín Arias , Manuel Carro , Gopal Gupta

Specification synthesis, the task of automatically inferring formal specifications from program implementations and natural language, is important for refactoring, transpilation, optimization, and verification, yet remains an open challenge…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Tarun Suresh , David Korczynski , Julien Vanegue

LLMs are widely used, yet they remain prone to factual errors that erode user trust and limit adoption in high-risk settings. One approach to mitigate this risk is to equip models with uncertainty estimation mechanisms that abstain when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Shani Goren , Ido Galil , Ran El-Yaniv

In distributed multi-agent systems, correctness is often entangled with operational policies such as scheduling, batching, or routing, which makes systems brittle since performance-driven policy evolution may break integrity guarantees.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zhiyuan Ren , Tao Zhang , Wenchi Chen

Can a committee of weak reasoning-model calls reach the performance of much stronger models? We study verifier-backed committee search as inference-time boosting for reasoning language models. The mechanism is not simply that ``more agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Varun Sunkaraneni , Pierfrancesco Beneventano , Riccardo Neumarker , Tomaso Poggio , Tomer Galanti

AI agents are rapidly advancing from passive language models to autonomous systems executing complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their overconfidence in failure remains a fundamental barrier to deployment in high-stakes settings. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Jiaxin Zhang , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu

A highly accurate but overconfident model is ill-suited for deployment in critical applications such as healthcare and autonomous driving. The classification outcome should reflect a high uncertainty on ambiguous in-distribution samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Sumedha Singla , Nihal Murali , Forough Arabshahi , Sofia Triantafyllou , Kayhan Batmanghelich

Text-to-image generative models have achieved remarkable visual quality but still struggle with compositionality$-$accurately capturing object relationships, attribute bindings, and fine-grained details in prompts. A key limitation is that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Arman Zarei , Jiacheng Pan , Matthew Gwilliam , Soheil Feizi , Zhenheng Yang

When multiple LLM-based code agents independently implement parts of the same class, they must agree on shared internal representations, even when the specification leaves those choices implicit. We study this coordination problem across 51…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Camilo Chacón Sartori

Generating complex, logically-sound SPARQL queries for multi-hop questions remains a critical bottleneck for Knowledge Graph Question Answering, as the brittle nature of one-shot generation by Large Language Models (LLMs) hinders reliable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Floris Vossebeld , Shenghui Wang

Decision support systems for classification tasks are predominantly designed to predict the value of the ground truth labels. However, since their predictions are not perfect, these systems also need to make human experts understand when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Eleni Straitouri , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

Autonomous multi-agent systems (MAS) are useful for automating complex tasks but raise trust concerns due to risks such as miscoordination or goal misalignment. Explainability is vital for users' trust calibration, but explainable MAS face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Bálint Gyevnár , Christopher G. Lucas , Stefano V. Albrecht , Shay B. Cohen

Language model outputs are not always reliable, thus prompting research into how to adapt model responses based on uncertainty. Common approaches include: \emph{abstention}, where models refrain from generating responses when uncertain; and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Zhengping Jiang , Anqi Liu , Benjamin Van Durme

Miscalibrated confidence scores are a practical obstacle to deploying AI in clinical settings. A model that is always overconfident offers no useful signal for deferral. We present a multi-agent framework that combines domain-specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 John Ray B. Martinez

Model Predictive Control (MPC) can efficiently control constrained systems in real-time applications. MPC feedback law for a linear system with linear inequality constraints can be explicitly computed off-line, which results in an off-line…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Andrew Knyazev , Peizhen Zhu , Stefano Di Cairano

Feature attribution methods are widely used for explaining image-based predictions, as they provide feature-level insights that can be intuitively visualized. However, such explanations often vary in their robustness and may fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Amr Alkhatib , Stephanie Lowry

Removing an agent from a cooperative team to measure its contribution seems natural, yet in multi-agent LLM systems this evaluation distorts the result it claims to measure. This failure is not isolated: learned critics, trajectory-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yanjun Chen , Yirong Sun , Hanlin Wang , Jinghan Wang , Xinming Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen , Wenjie Li , Wei Zhang

Automated decision support systems promise to help human experts solve multiclass classification tasks more efficiently and accurately. However, existing systems typically require experts to understand when to cede agency to the system or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Eleni Straitouri , Lequn Wang , Nastaran Okati , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez
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