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A recently formulated extension of perfect spin hydrodynamics, which includes second-order corrections in the spin polarization tensor to the energy-momentum tensor and baryon current, is studied in the case of a one-dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-22 Zbigniew Drogosz , Wojciech Florkowski , Natalia Łygan , Radoslaw Ryblewski

Equations of a boost-invariant and cylindrically symmetric perfect hydrodynamics are solved numerically for initial conditions inspired by the wounded nucleon model. The energy-momentum and spin tensors are used in the form that describes a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-05 Zbigniew Drogosz , Wojciech Florkowski , Jakub Witkowski

We outline the hybrid framework of spin hydrodynamics, combining classical kinetic theory with the Israel-Stewart method of introducing dissipation. We obtain the local equilibrium expressions for the baryon current, the energy-momentum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-18 Zbigniew Drogosz

Four formulations of perfect spin hydrodynamics for spin-1/2 particles, distinguished by their treatment of spin (classical vs. quantum) and by the underlying particle statistics (Boltzmann vs. Fermi-Dirac), are analyzed and shown to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-25 Samapan Bhadury , Zbigniew Drogosz , Wojciech Florkowski , Sudip Kumar Kar , Valeriya Mykhaylova

We study a boost-invariant, out-of-equilibrium fluid of non-interacting Dirac fermions with a finite canonical spin potential. After solving the Dirac equation in Milne coordinates, we exactly diagonalize the non-equilibrium density…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-20 Andrea Palermo , Daniele Roselli

We compare two recently developed frameworks of perfect spin hydrodynamics for spin-$1/2$ particles, based respectively on classical kinetic theory and the Wigner function. We show that the conserved currents in both approaches have the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-30 Zbigniew Drogosz

We briefly review a recently proposed formalism of perfect-fluid hydrodynamics with spin, which is a generalization of the standard hydrodynamic framework and provides a natural tool for describing the evolution of spin-polarized systems of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-11-05 Rajeev Singh

We revisit the canonical formulation of spin hydrodynamics for Dirac fermions with a general thermal vorticity. The orders of the general thermal vorticity and the corresponding spin variables are considered independently from those of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-10-11 Lixin Yang , Li Yan

Relativistic hydrodynamic equations for particles with spin one-half are used to determine the space-time evolution of the spin polarization in a boost-invariant and transversely homogeneous background. The hydrodynamic approach uses the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-24 Wojciech Florkowski , Avdhesh Kumar , Radoslaw Ryblewski , Rajeev Singh

The equations of perfect spin hydrodynamics are solved for the first time using a realistic (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic background, calibrated to reproduce a comprehensive set of hadronic observables, including rapidity distributions,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-19 Sushant K. Singh , Radoslaw Ryblewski , Wojciech Florkowski

We review basic ingredients of the recently introduced perfect-fluid hydrodynamic equations for particles with spin one-half. For a quasi-realistic setup, first numerical solutions for various hydrodynamic variables including the spin…

Semiclassical expansion of the Wigner function for spin-1/2 fermions having an effective spacetime-dependent mass is used to analyze spin-polarization effects. The existing framework is reformulated to obtain a differential equation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-24 Samapan Bhadury , Arpan Das , Wojciech Florkowski , Gowthama K. K. , Radoslaw Ryblewski

Based on the Wigner function in local equilibrium, we derive hydrodynamical quantities for a system of polarized spin-1/2 particles: the particle number current density, the energy-momentum tensor, the spin tensor, and the dipole moment…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-12-22 Hao-Hao Peng , Jun-Jie Zhang , Xin-Li Sheng , Qun Wang

A newly proposed framework of perfect-fluid relativistic hydrodynamics for particles with spin 1/2 is briefly reviewed. The hydrodynamic equations follow entirely from the conservation laws for energy, momentum, and angular momentum. The…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 W. Florkowski , B. Friman , A. Jaiswal , R. Ryblewski , E. Speranza

Different bases for the spin-1 density matrix are discussed to clarify the connection between its components and observables measured in heavy-ion collisions. The theoretical advantage of using the adjoint representation for spin matrices…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-02-03 Wojciech Florkowski , Sudip Kumar Kar , Valeriya Mykhaylova

The application range of perfect spin hydrodynamics is studied in two cases: one based on the classical spin description and the other using a quantum spin density matrix (Wigner function). Different forms of the conditions connecting the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-22 Zbigniew Drogosz , Wojciech Florkowski , Valeriya Mykhaylova

In relativistic quantum field theory particles of half-integer spin must obey Fermi-Dirac statistics. Their quantum operators must anticommute at spacelike separation in contrast to commuting physical observables. We show that Fermi-Dirac…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-21 Adam Bednorz

The formulation of relativistic hydrodynamics for massive particles with spin 1/2 is shortly reviewed. The proposed framework is based on the Wigner function treated in a semi-classical approximation or, alternatively, on a classical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-12-17 Wojciech Florkowski

We derive the hydrodynamic equations of perfect fluids without boost invariance [1] from kinetic theory. Our approach is to follow the standard derivation of the Vlasov hierarchy based on an a-priori unknown collision functional satisfying…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-01 Kevin T. Grosvenor , Niels A. Obers , Subodh P. Patil

Euler hydrodynamics of perfect fluids can be viewed as an effective bosonic field theory. In cases when the underlying microscopic system involves Dirac fermions, the quantum anomalies should be properly described. In 1+1 dimensions the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-17 Alexander G. Abanov , Andrea Cappelli
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