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The fluid antenna system (FAS) refers to a family of reconfigurable antenna technologies that provide substantial spatial gains within a compact, predefined small space, thereby offering extensive degrees of freedom in the physical layer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Zhentian Zhang , Jian Dang , David Morales-Jimenez , Hao Jiang , Zaichen Zhang , Christos Masouros , Chan-Byoung Chae

With fluid antenna system (FAS) gradually establishing itself as a possible enabling technology for next generation wireless communications, channel estimation for FAS has become a pressing issue. Existing methodologies however face…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-09 Zhen Chen , Jianqing Li , Xiu Yin Zhang , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Yangyang Zhang

Recent advances in reconfigurable antennas have led to the new concept of the fluid antenna system (FAS) for shape and position flexibility, as another degree of freedom for wireless communication enhancement. This paper explores the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Jiangong Chen , Yue Xiao , Zhendong Peng , Jing Zhu , Xia Lei , Christos Masouros , Kai-Kit Wong

The Fluid Antenna System (FAS), which enables flexible Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communications, introduces new spatial degrees of freedom for next-generation wireless networks. Unlike traditional MIMO, FAS involves joint port…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Chao Wang , Kai-Kit Wong , Zan Li , Liang Jin , Chan-Byoung Chae

To enable innovative applications and services, both industry and academia are exploring new technologies for sixth generation (6G) communications. One of the promising candidates is fluid antenna system (FAS). Unlike existing systems, FAS…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Wee Kiat New , Kai-Kit Wong , Hao Xu , Kin-Fai Tong , Chan-Byoung Chae

In this paper, we analyze the role of fluid antenna systems (FAS) in multi-user systems with hardware impairments (HIs). Specifically, we investigate a scenario where a base station (BS) equipped with multiple fluid antennas communicates…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-23 Junteng Yao , Tuo Wu , Liaoshi Zhou , Ming Jin , Cunhua Pan , Maged Elkashlan , Fumiyuki Adachi , George K. Karagiannidis , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Chau Yuen

This paper investigates an over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) system that employs fluid antennas (FAs) at an access point. The system enhances learning performance by leveraging the additional degrees of freedom provided by antenna…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-04 Mohsen Ahmadzadeh , Saeid Pakravan , Ghosheh Abed Hodtani , Ming Zeng , Jean-Yves Chouinard , Leslie A. Rusch

This paper examines a fluid antenna (FA)-assisted simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system. Unlike traditional SWIPT systems with fixed-position antennas (FPAs), our FA-assisted system enables dynamic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-25 Liaoshi Zhou , Junteng Yao , Tuo Wu , Ming Jin , Chau Yuen , Fumiyuki Adachi

Fluid Antenna Systems (FAS) introduce a new degree of freedom for wireless networks by enabling the physical antenna position to adapt dynamically to changing radio conditions. While existing studies primarily emphasize physical-layer…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ian F. Akyildiz , Tuğçe Bilen

Fluid antennas (FAs) and mobile antennas (MAs) are innovative technologies in wireless communications that are able to proactively improve channel conditions by dynamically adjusting the transmit/receive antenna positions within a given…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-19 Weidong Mei , Xin Wei , Yijie Liu , Boyu Ning , Zhi Chen

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for achieving spatially reconfigurable, compact, and energy-efficient wireless communications in beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G) networks. By…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Saeid Pakravan , Mohsen Ahmadzadeh , Ming Zeng , Wessam Ajib , Ji Wang , Xingwang Li

With wireless devices increasingly forming a unified smart network for seamless, user-friendly operations, random access (RA) medium access control (MAC) design is considered a key solution for handling unpredictable data traffic from…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Myeung Suk Oh , Zhiyao Zhang , FNU Hairi , Alvaro Velasquez , Jia Liu

This paper proposes a novel fluid antenna system (FAS)-enabled architecture to improve energy efficiency (EE) without sacrificing capacity. Specifically, we integrate FAS into cell-free massive MIMO systems to counteract low-resolution…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jun Qian , Ross Murch , Khaled B. Letaief

This letter investigates a fluid antenna (FA)-assisted integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, with joint antenna position optimization and waveform design. We consider enhancing the sum-rate maximization (SRM) and sensing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Qian Zhang , Mingjie Shao , Tong Zhang , Gaojie Chen , Ju Liu , P. C. Ching

The integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology has been extensively researched to enhance communication rates and radar sensing capabilities. Additionally, a new technology known as fluid antenna system (FAS) has recently been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuqi Ye , Li You , Hao Xu , Ahmed Elzanaty , Kai-Kit Wong , Xiqi Gao

In this paper, we investigate the problem of rate maximization in a fluid antenna system (FAS) assisted semantic communication system. In the considered model, a base station (BS) with multiple static antennas employs semantic extraction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Siyun Liang , Chen Zhu , Zhaohui Yang , Changsheng You , Dusit Niyato , Kai-Kit Wong , Zhaoyang Zhang

The explosive growth of teletraffic, fueled by the convergence of cyber-physical systems and data-intensive applications, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous systems, and immersive communications, demands a multidisciplinary…

When the concept of fluid antenna system (FAS) is applied to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, this gives rise to MIMO-FAS, a.k.a.~fluid MIMO. Under rich scattering, the spatial correlation matrices are governed by the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Tuo Wu , Kai-Kit Wong , Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong , Hyundong Shin

Fluid antennas (FAs) is a promising technology for introducing flexibility and reconfigurability in wireless networks. Recent research efforts have highlighted the potential gains that can be achieved in comparison to conventional antennas.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-03 Constantinos Psomas , Peter J. Smith , Himal A. Suraweera , Ioannis Krikidis

The emerging technology of fluid antenna systems (FASs) represents a promising next-generation reconfigurable antenna solution, capable of exploiting the full spatial diversity within a predefined space by finely reconfiguring the positions…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jiangsheng Huangfu , Zhengyu Song , Tianwei Hou , Anna Li , Yuanwei Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan