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Supervised machine learning models and their evaluation strongly depends on the quality of the underlying dataset. When we search for a relevant piece of information it may appear anywhere in a given passage. However, we observe a bias in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Sebastian Hofstätter , Aldo Lipani , Sophia Althammer , Markus Zlabinger , Allan Hanbury

State-of-the-art sparse attention methods for reducing decoding latency fall into two main categories: approximate top-$k$ (and its extension, top-$p$) and recently introduced sampling-based estimation. However, these approaches are…

RAG systems rely on rerankers to identify relevant documents. However, fine-tuning these models remains challenging due to the scarcity of annotated query-document pairs. Existing distillation-based approaches suffer from training-inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Siyuan Huang , Zhiyuan Ma , Jintao Du , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang , Jingwen Leng , Minyi Guo , Zhouhan Lin

Recent advances in text recognition led to a paradigm shift for page-level recognition, from multi-step segmentation-based approaches to end-to-end attention-based ones. However, the na\"ive character-level autoregressive decoding process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Denis Coquenet

In multi-stage recommender systems, reranking optimizes overall utility by capturing intra-list contextual dependencies, yet its central challenge lies in exploring optimal sequences within an exponentially large permutation space. Recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chaotian Song , Jingyao Zhang , Chenghao Chen , Zisen Sang , Dehai Zhao , Guodong Cao , Boxi Wu , Deng Cai , Jia Jia

Ranked search results have become the main mechanism by which we find content, products, places, and people online. Thus their ordering contributes not only to the satisfaction of the searcher, but also to career and business opportunities,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Meike Zehlike , Carlos Castillo

In this paper, we introduce Rank-R1, a novel LLM-based reranker that performs reasoning over both the user query and candidate documents before performing the ranking task. Existing document reranking methods based on large language models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shengyao Zhuang , Xueguang Ma , Bevan Koopman , Jimmy Lin , Guido Zuccon

Low-rank optimization has emerged as a promising approach to enabling memory-efficient training of large language models (LLMs). Existing low-rank optimization methods typically project gradients onto a low-rank subspace, reducing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Haochen Zhang , Junze Yin , Guanchu Wang , Zirui Liu , Lin F. Yang , Tianyi Zhang , Anshumali Shrivastava , Vladimir Braverman

In this work, we present a systematic and comprehensive empirical evaluation of state-of-the-art reranking methods, encompassing large language model (LLM)-based, lightweight contextual, and zero-shot approaches, with respect to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Bhawna Piryani , Jamshid Mozafari , Mohammed Ali , Adam Jatowt

Distantly supervised relation extraction intrinsically suffers from noisy labels due to the strong assumption of distant supervision. Most prior works adopt a selective attention mechanism over sentences in a bag to denoise from wrongly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Yang Li , Guodong Long , Tao Shen , Tianyi Zhou , Lina Yao , Huan Huo , Jing Jiang

Video Large Language Models (VLLMs) incur substantial prefilling cost due to the large number of visual tokens. While attention-based token pruning offers a promising acceleration strategy, applying it at shallow decoder layers often causes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yingjie Xia , Tao Liu , Jinglei Shi , Qingsong Xie , Heng Guo , Jian Yang , Xi Wang

Using large language models (LLMs) to predict relevance judgments has shown promising results. Most studies treat this task as a distinct research line, e.g., focusing on prompt design for predicting relevance labels given a query and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chuan Meng , Jiqun Liu , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Fengran Mo , Jeff Dalton , Maarten de Rijke

Recent non-local self-attention methods have proven to be effective in capturing long-range dependencies for semantic segmentation. These methods usually form a similarity map of RC*C (by compressing spatial dimensions) or RHW*HW (by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Qi Song , Jie Li , Chenghong Li , Hao Guo , Rui Huang

The generation of factually incorrect objects, commonly known as object hallucination, remains a persistent challenge in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). Current approaches to address this issue - ranging from expensive data-driven…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuanzhi Xu , Qian Gao , Jun Fan , Guohui Ding , Zhenyu Yang , Sixue Lin , Yuteng Xiao

This paper proposes Attention-Seeker, an unsupervised keyphrase extraction method that leverages self-attention maps from a Large Language Model to estimate the importance of candidate phrases. Our approach identifies specific components -…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Erwin D. López Z. , Cheng Tang , Atsushi Shimada

Reward Modeling is critical in evaluating and improving the generation of Large Language Models (LLMs). While numerous recent works have shown its feasibility in improving safety, helpfulness, reasoning, and instruction-following ability,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Hanning Zhang , Juntong Song , Juno Zhu , Yuanhao Wu , Tong Zhang , Cheng Niu

Efficient attention mechanisms enable long-context transformers but often miss globally important tokens, degrading modeling quality. We introduce a pre-scoring framework that assigns a query-independent global importance prior to keys…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhexiang Li , Haoyu Wang , Yutong Bao , David Woodruff

Recent large audio language models (LALMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in processing extended multi-modal sequences, yet incur high inference costs. Token compression is an effective method that directly reduces redundant tokens in…

PageRank is a graph centrality metric that gives the importance of each node in a given graph. The PageRank algorithm provides important insights to understand the behavior of nodes through the connections they form with other nodes. It is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Shalini Jain , Rahul Utkoor , Hemalatha Eedi , Sathya Peri , Ramakrishna Upadrasta

While RAG demonstrates remarkable capabilities in LLM applications, its effectiveness is hindered by the ever-increasing length of retrieved contexts, which introduces information redundancy and substantial computational overhead. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yixiong Fang , Tianran Sun , Yuling Shi , Xiaodong Gu