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Modeling multi-agent systems requires understanding how agents interact. Such systems are often difficult to model because they can involve a variety of types of interactions that layer together to drive rich social behavioral dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Fan-Yun Sun , Isaac Kauvar , Ruohan Zhang , Jiachen Li , Mykel Kochenderfer , Jiajun Wu , Nick Haber

LLM routing has achieved promising results in integrating the strengths of diverse models while balancing efficiency and performance. However, to support more realistic and challenging applications, routing must extend into agentic LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tao Feng , Haozhen Zhang , Zijie Lei , Peixuan Han , Jiaxuan You

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in graph-based learning by propagating information among neighbor nodes via predefined aggregation mechanisms. However, such fixed schemes often suffer from two key limitations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Minghao Guo , Xi Zhu , Haochen Xue , Chong Zhang , Shuhang Lin , Jingyuan Huang , Ziyi Ye , Yongfeng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly rely on agentic capabilities-iterative retrieval, tool use, and decision-making-to overcome the limits of static, parametric knowledge. Yet existing agentic frameworks treat external information as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yuanfu Sun , Kang Li , Dongzhe Fan , Jiajin Liu , Qiaoyu Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities in mathematical and scientific tasks. To enhance complex reasoning, multi-agent systems have been proposed to harness the collective intelligence of LLM agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Yang Li , Swastik Roy , Weijie Guan , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

Tool learning empowers large language models (LLMs) as agents to use external tools and extend their utility. Existing methods employ one single LLM-based agent to iteratively select and execute tools, thereafter incorporating execution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zhengliang Shi , Shen Gao , Xiuyi Chen , Yue Feng , Lingyong Yan , Haibo Shi , Dawei Yin , Pengjie Ren , Suzan Verberne , Zhaochun Ren

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to significant improvements in various service domains, including search, recommendation, and chatbot applications. However, applying state-of-the-art (SOTA) research to industrial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Chiwan Park , Wonjun Jang , Daeryong Kim , Aelim Ahn , Kichang Yang , Woosung Hwang , Jihyeon Roh , Hyerin Park , Hyosun Wang , Min Seok Kim , Jihoon Kang

Automatically extracting workflows as procedural graphs from natural language is promising yet underexplored, demanding both structural validity and logical alignment. While recent large language models (LLMs) show potential for procedural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Wangyang Ying , Yanchi Liu , Xujiang Zhao , Wei Cheng , Zhengzhang Chen , Wenchao Yu , Yanjie Fu , Haifeng Chen

Effective decision-making on networks often relies on learning from graph-structured data, where Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) play a central role, but they take efforts to configure and tune. In this demo, we propose LLMNet, showing how to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Xiaohan Zheng , Lanning Wei , Yong Li , Quanming Yao

With the continuous advancement of educational technology, the demand for Large Language Models (LLMs) as intelligent educational agents in providing personalized learning experiences is rapidly increasing. This study aims to explore how to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Changyong Qi , Linzhao Jia , Yuang Wei , Yuan-Hao Jiang , Xiaoqing Gu

Large-scale multi-agent communication has long faced a scalability bottleneck: fully connected networks require quadratic complexity, yet existing sparse topologies rely on hand-crafted rules. This paper treats the communication graph…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jingkai Luo , Yulin Shao

LLM-based multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS), in which autonomous AI agents cooperate to solve tasks, are gaining increasing attention. For such systems to be deployed in society, agents must be able to establish cooperation and coordination…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Keita Nishimoto , Kimitaka Asatani , Ichiro Sakata

Large language models and autonomous AI agents have evolved rapidly, resulting in a diverse array of evaluation benchmarks, frameworks, and collaboration protocols. Driven by the growing need for standardized evaluation and integration, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Norbert Tihanyi , Merouane Debbah

Recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI), and particularly the integration of large language models (LLMs), have had considerable impact on multiple domains. Meanwhile, enhancing dynamic network performance is a crucial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Geng Sun , Yixian Wang , Dusit Niyato , Jiacheng Wang , Xinying Wang , H. Vincent Poor , Khaled B. Letaief

While multi-agent interactions can be naturally modeled as a graph, the environment has traditionally been considered as a black box. We propose to create a shared agent-entity graph, where agents and environmental entities form vertices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Akshat Agarwal , Sumit Kumar , Katia Sycara

With the rapid proliferation of large language models and vision-language models, AI agents have evolved from isolated, task-specific systems into autonomous, interactive entities capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting without human…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yuntao Wang , Shaolong Guo , Yanghe Pan , Zhou Su , Fahao Chen , Tom H. Luan , Peng Li , Jiawen Kang , Dusit Niyato

Multi-agent systems commonly distribute tasks among specialized, autonomous agents, yet they often lack mechanisms to replace or reassign underperforming agents in real time. Inspired by the free-agency model of Major League Baseball, the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jung-Hua Liu

Multi-step LLM agents in interactive environments represent a crucial step toward long-horizon decision-making. To train such agents, group-based reinforcement learning is widely adopted, which reinforces trajectories with higher relative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiazhen Yuan , Zhike Gong , Jinquan Hang , Zhengbiao Bai , Wei Zhao

This paper presents deep meta coordination graphs (DMCG) for learning cooperative policies in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Coordination graph formulations encode local interactions and accordingly factorize the joint value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Nikunj Gupta , James Zachary Hare , Jesse Milzman , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Multi-agent systems (MAS) increasingly solve complex tasks by orchestrating agents and tools selected from rapidly growing marketplaces. As these marketplaces expand, many candidates become functionally overlapping, making selection not…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xinyuan Song , Liang Zhao
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