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Soil moisture (SM) estimation from active microwave data remains challenging due to the complex interactions between radar backscatter and surface characteristics. While the water cloud model (WCM) provides a semi-physical approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yi Yu , Patrick Filippi , Thomas F. A. Bishop

In this study, we examine the potential of high-resolution forest mapping using L-band interferometric time series datasets and deep learning modeling. Our SAR data are represented by a time series of nine ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 dual-pol SAR…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-07 Chiara Telli , Oleg Antropov , Anne Lönnqvist , Marco Lavalle

Various complex water management decisions are made in snow-dominant watersheds with the knowledge of Snow-Water Equivalent (SWE) -- a key measure widely used to estimate the water content of a snowpack. However, forecasting SWE is…

The accurate estimation of Arctic snow depth remains a critical time-varying inverse problem due to the scarcity in associated sea ice parameters. Existing process-based and data-driven models are either highly sensitive to sparse data or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Akila Sampath , Vandana Janeja , Jianwu Wang

This work aims to produce landslide density estimates using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite imageries to prioritise emergency resources for rapid response. We use the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Landslide Inventory data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Vanessa Boehm , Wei Ji Leong , Ragini Bal Mahesh , Ioannis Prapas , Edoardo Nemni , Freddie Kalaitzis , Siddha Ganju , Raul Ramos-Pollán

Snow Water-Equivalent (SWE) -- the amount of water available if snowpack is melted -- is a key decision variable used by water management agencies to make irrigation, flood control, power generation and drought management decisions. SWE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Krishu K. Thapa , Bhupinderjeet Singh , Supriya Savalkar , Alan Fern , Kirti Rajagopalan , Ananth Kalyanaraman

Ice thickness estimation is an important aspect of ice sheet studies. In this work, we use convolutional neural networks with multiple output nodes to regress and learn the thickness of internal ice layers in Snow Radar images collected in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Debvrat Varshney , Maryam Rahnemoonfar , Masoud Yari , John Paden

In current seismic acquisition practice, there is an increasing drive for sparsely (in space) acquired data, often in irregular geometry. These surveys can trade off subsurface information for efficiency/cost - creating a problem of…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-01-26 Dieuwertje Kuijpers , Ivan Vasconcelos , Patrick Putzky

Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can provide accurate images of the ocean surface roughness day-or-night in nearly all weather conditions, being an unique asset for many geophysical applications. Considering the huge amount of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Nicolae-Cătălin Ristea , Andrei Anghel , Mihai Datcu , Bertrand Chapron

Wind speed retrieval at sea surface is of primary importance for scientific and operational applications. Besides weather models, in-situ measurements and remote sensing technologies, especially satellite sensors, provide complementary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Matteo Zambra , Dorian Cazau , Nicolas Farrugia , Alexandre Gensse , Sara Pensieri , Roberto Bozzano , Ronan Fablet

Accurate short range weather forecasting has significant implications for various sectors. Machine learning based approaches, e.g., deep learning, have gained popularity in this domain where the existing numerical weather prediction (NWP)…

Fusing satellite imagery acquired with different sensors has been a long-standing challenge of Earth observation, particularly across different modalities such as optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. Here, we explore the joint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Manu Tom , Yuchang Jiang , Emmanuel Baltsavias , Konrad Schindler

A purposely built deep learning algorithm for the Verification of Earth-System ParametERisation (VESPER) is used to assess recent upgrades of the global physiographic datasets underpinning the quality of the Integrated Forecasting System…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Tom Kimpson , Margarita Choulga , Matthew Chantry , Gianpaolo Balsamo , Souhail Boussetta , Peter Dueben , Tim Palmer

The temporal and spatial resolution of rainfall data is crucial for environmental modeling studies in which its variability in space and time is considered as a primary factor. Rainfall products from different remote sensing instruments…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Muhammed Sit , Bong-Chul Seo , Ibrahim Demir

Autonomous driving systems are highly dependent on sensors like cameras, LiDAR, and inertial measurement units (IMU) to perceive the environment and estimate their motion. Among these sensors, perception-based sensors are not protected from…

We propose a new method to tackle the mapping challenge from time-series data to spatial image in the field of seismic exploration, i.e., reconstructing the velocity model directly from seismic data by deep neural networks (DNNs). The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Shucai Li , Bin Liu , Yuxiao Ren , Yangkang Chen , Senlin Yang , Yunhai Wang , Peng Jiang

Reliably reconstructing physical fields from sparse sensor data is a challenge that frequently arises in many scientific domains. In practice, the process generating the data often is not understood to sufficient accuracy. Therefore, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Xihaier Luo , Wei Xu , Yihui Ren , Shinjae Yoo , Balu Nadiga

As we deal with the effects of climate change and the increase of global atmospheric temperatures, the accurate tracking and prediction of ice layers within polar ice sheets grows in importance. Studying these ice layers reveals climate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Benjamin Zalatan , Maryam Rahnemoonfar

The availability of curated large-scale training data is a crucial factor for the development of well-generalizing deep learning methods for the extraction of geoinformation from multi-sensor remote sensing imagery. While quite some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Michael Schmitt , Lloyd Haydn Hughes , Chunping Qiu , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) are fast emerging sensors in the field of Earth Observation. It is a remote sensing technology that utilizes laser beams to measure distances and create detailed three-dimensional representations of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Saad Ahmed Jamal