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Large pretrained models are showing increasingly better performance in reasoning and planning tasks across different modalities, opening the possibility to leverage them for complex sequential decision making problems. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Martin Klissarov , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Bogdan Mazoure

Applications are moving away from monolithic designs to microservice and serverless architectures, where fleets of lightweight and independently deployable components run on public clouds. Autoscaling serves as the primary control mechanism…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Haoyu Bai , Muhammed Tawfiqul Islam , Minxian Xu , Rajkumar Buyya

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models rely on high-quality transcribed data for effective training. Generating pseudo-labels for large unlabeled audio datasets often relies on complex pipelines that combine multiple ASR outputs through…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Jeena Prakash , Blessingh Kumar , Kadri Hacioglu , Bidisha Sharma , Sindhuja Gopalan , Malolan Chetlur , Shankar Venkatesan , Andreas Stolcke

Post-training has become essential for adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex downstream behaviors, including instruction following, preference alignment, and multi-step reasoning. Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Chengqian Zhang , Wei Zhu , Kyumin Lee

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning method for large language models, with its effectiveness largely influenced by the allocation of ranks and scaling factors, as well as initialization.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Weicheng Lin , Yi Zhang , Jiawei Dang , Liang-Jie Zhang

Automated machine learning (AutoML) is a research area focusing on using optimisation techniques to design machine learning (ML) algorithms, alleviating the need for a human to perform manual algorithm design. Real-time AutoML enables the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Mia Gerber , Anna Sergeevna Bosman , Johan Pieter de Villiers

We present LARL-RM (Large language model-generated Automaton for Reinforcement Learning with Reward Machine) algorithm in order to encode high-level knowledge into reinforcement learning using automaton to expedite the reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Shayan Meshkat Alsadat , Jean-Raphael Gaglione , Daniel Neider , Ufuk Topcu , Zhe Xu

Can a multimodal language model learn to manipulate physical objects by reasoning about its own failures-without gradient updates, demonstrations, or reward engineering? We argue the answer is yes, under conditions we characterise…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Vaishak Kumar

Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a powerful framework for optimizing dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs). However, clinical RL is fundamentally bottlenecked by reward engineering: the challenge of defining signals that safely and effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Qianyi Xu , Gousia Habib , Feng Wu , Yanrui Du , Zhihui Chen , Swapnil Mishra , Dilruk Perera , Mengling Feng

Effective prioritization of issue reports is crucial in software engineering to optimize resource allocation and address critical problems promptly. However, the manual classification of issue reports for prioritization is laborious and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Gabriel Aracena , Kyle Luster , Fabio Santos , Igor Steinmacher , Marco A. Gerosa

Automated machine learning (AutoML) aims to find optimal machine learning solutions automatically given a machine learning problem. It could release the burden of data scientists from the multifarious manual tuning process and enable the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Yi-Wei Chen , Qingquan Song , Xia Hu

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) excel at comprehending human instructions and demonstrate remarkable results across a broad spectrum of tasks. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and AI Feedback (RLAIF) further refine LLMs by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Ju-Seung Byun , Jiyun Chun , Jihyung Kil , Andrew Perrault

Large language models (LLMs) excel in complex tasks through advanced prompting techniques like Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and Tree-of-Thought (ToT), but their reliance on manually crafted, task-specific prompts limits adaptability and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Tao Xiong , Xavier Hu , Wenyan Fan , Shengyu Zhang

Machines learning techniques plays a preponderant role in dealing with massive amount of data and are employed in almost every possible domain. Building a high quality machine learning model to be deployed in production is a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Alexandre Quemy

Optimal configuration of the learning rate (LR) is a fundamental yet formidable challenge in large-scale pre-training. Given the stringent trade-off between training costs and model performance, the pivotal question is whether the optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yunhua Zhou , Shuhao Xing , Junhao Huang , Xipeng Qiu , Qipeng Guo

Tuning large language models is essential for optimizing their performance across diverse applications, particularly in scenarios with limited data availability. Tuning large language models in scarce data scenarios is crucial, particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Javad SeraJ , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is the bread and butter of Large Language Model (LLM) finetuning. LoRA learns an additive low-rank perturbation, $AB$, of a pretrained matrix parameter $W$ to align the model to a new task or dataset with $W+AB$.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Hai Huang , Randall Balestriero

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) perform strongly on general visual understanding, diagram and chart reasoning, and document-centric perception. However, these abilities are learned from heterogeneous supervision sources with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Guowei Tang

Post-training large foundation models with reinforcement learning typically relies on massive and heterogeneous datasets, making effective curriculum learning both critical and challenging. In this work, we propose ACTOR-CURATOR, a scalable…

Post-training has become central to turning pretrained large language models (LLMs) into aligned, capable, and deployable systems. Recent progress spans supervised fine-tuning (SFT), preference optimization, reinforcement learning (RL),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Shiwan Zhao , Zhihu Wang , Xuyang Zhao , Jiaming Zhou , Caiyue Xu , Chenfei Liu , Liting Zhang , Yuhang Jia , Yanzhe Zhang , Hualong Yu , Zichen Xu , Qicheng Li , Yong Qin