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Insurance products frequently cover significant claims arising from a variety of sources. To model losses from these products accurately, actuarial models must account for high-severity claims. A widely used strategy is to apply a mixture…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-30 Sébastien Jessup , Mélina Mailhot , Mathieu Pigeon

A general approach for investigating transport phenomena in porous media is presented. This approach has the capacity to represent various kinds of irregularity in porous media without the need for excessive detail or computational effort.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2012-11-20 Dimitri A. Klimenko , Kamel Hooman , Alexander Y. Klimenko

This work presents a statistically principled method for estimating the required number of instances in the experimental comparison of multiple algorithms on a given problem class of interest. This approach generalises earlier results by…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-06 Felipe Campelo , Elizabeth F. Wanner

Scenario-based testing with driving simulators is extensively used to identify failing conditions of automated driving assistance systems (ADAS). However, existing studies have shown that repeated test execution in the same as well as in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Lev Sorokin , Matteo Biagiola , Andrea Stocco

The complexity of linear mixed-effects (LME) models means that traditional diagnostics are rendered less effective. This is due to a breakdown of asymptotic results, boundary issues, and visible patterns in residual plots that are…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-08 Adam Loy , Heike Hofmann , Dianne Cook

In observational studies, the assumption of sufficient overlap (positivity) is fundamental for the identification and estimation of causal effects. Failing to account for this assumption yields inaccurate and potentially infeasible…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-07 Jaehyuk Jang , Suehyun Kim , Kwonsang Lee

A common problem in numerous research areas, particularly in clinical trials, is to test whether the effect of an explanatory variable on an outcome variable is equivalent across different groups. In practice, these tests are frequently…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-03 Niklas Hagemann , Kathrin Möllenhoff

Safety analyses in terms of adverse events (AEs) are an important aspect of benefit-risk assessments of therapies. Compared to efficacy analyses AE analyses are often rather simplistic. The probability of an AE of a specific type is…

Applications · Statistics 2021-05-20 Regina Stegherr , Claudia Schmoor , Michael Lübbert , Tim Friede , Jan Beyersmann

Meta-analysis aims to combine effect measures from several studies. For continuous outcomes, the most popular effect measures use simple or standardized differences in sample means. However, a number of applications focus on the absolute…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-03 Elena Kulinskaya , David C. Hoaglin

A two-groups mixed-effects model for the comparison of (normalized) microarray data from two treatment groups is considered. Most competing parametric methods that have appeared in the literature are obtained as special cases or by minor…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-01-06 Haim Bar , James Booth , Elizabeth Schifano , Martin T. Wells

Experiments deliver credible treatment-effect estimates but, because they are costly, are often restricted to specific sites, small populations, or particular mechanisms. A common practice across several fields is therefore to combine…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-30 Aristotelis Epanomeritakis , Davide Viviano

Graphical models are widely used to make inferences concerning interplay in multivariate systems. In many applications, data are collected from multiple related but nonidentical units whose underlying networks may differ but are likely to…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-04 Chris J. Oates , Jim Korkola , Joe W. Gray , Sach Mukherjee

In the last four years, the number of distinct autonomous vehicles platforms deployed in the streets of California increased 6-fold, while the reported accidents increased 12-fold. This can become a trend with no signs of subsiding as it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Joachim Haensel , Christian M. Adriano , Johannes Dyck , Holger Giese

Most unsupervised anomaly detection methods based on representations of normal samples to distinguish anomalies have recently made remarkable progress. However, existing methods only learn a single decision boundary for distinguishing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Tianwu Lei , Silin Chen , Bohan Wang , Zhengkai Jiang , Ningmu Zou

We consider prediction in multiple studies with potential differences in the relationships between predictors and outcomes. Our objective is to integrate data from multiple studies to develop prediction models for unseen studies. We propose…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-23 Boyu Ren , Prasad Patil , Francesca Dominici , Giovanni Parmigiani , Lorenzo Trippa

The classical mixture of linear experts (MoE) model is one of the widespread statistical frameworks for modeling, classification, and clustering of data. Built on the normality assumption of the error terms for mathematical and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-15 Elham Mirfarah , Mehrdad Naderi , Ding-Geng Chen

Machine learning systems appear stochastic but are deterministically random, as seeded pseudorandom number generators produce identical realisations across repeated executions. Standard evaluation practice typically treats runs across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Udit Sharma

We review methods for monitoring multivariate time-between-events (TBE) data. We present some underlying complexities that have been overlooked in the literature. It is helpful to classify multivariate TBE monitoring applications into two…

Applications · Statistics 2019-11-06 Inez Maria Zwetsloot , Tahir Mahmood , William H. Woodall

Inspired by the masked language modeling (MLM) in natural language processing tasks, the masked image modeling (MIM) has been recognized as a strong self-supervised pre-training method in computer vision. However, the high random mask ratio…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhaowen Li , Yousong Zhu , Zhiyang Chen , Wei Li , Chaoyang Zhao , Rui Zhao , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

The correct use of model evaluation, model selection, and algorithm selection techniques is vital in academic machine learning research as well as in many industrial settings. This article reviews different techniques that can be used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Sebastian Raschka