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Large language models and deep research agents supply citation URLs to support their claims, yet the reliability of these citations has not been systematically measured. We address six research questions about citation URL validity using 10…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Delip Rao , Eric Wong , Chris Callison-Burch

This paper presents a novel exploration of the interaction between generative AI models, visualization, and narrative generation processes, using OpenAI's GPT as a case study. We look at the question "Where Does Generativeness Comes From",…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Victor Schetinger , Sara Di Bartolomeo , Edirlei Soares de Lima , Christofer Meinecke , Rudolf Rosa

Knowledge syntheses (literature reviews) are essential to health professions education (HPE), consolidating findings to advance theory and practice. However, they are labor-intensive, especially during data extraction. Artificial…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Xi Long , Christy Boscardin , Lauren A. Maggio , Joseph A. Costello , Ralph Gonzales , Rasmyah Hammoudeh , Ki Lai , Yoon Soo Park , Brian C. Gin

Recent language models generate false but plausible-sounding text with surprising frequency. Such "hallucinations" are an obstacle to the usability of language-based AI systems and can harm people who rely upon their outputs. This work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Adam Tauman Kalai , Santosh S. Vempala

Explanatory inference is the creation and evaluation of hypotheses that provide explanations, and is sometimes known as abduction or abductive inference. Generative AI is a new set of artificial intelligence models based on novel algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Paul Thagard

The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology and its impact on education has been a topic of growing concern in recent years. The new generation AI systems such as chatbots have become more accessible on the Internet and stronger in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Mohammad Khalil , Erkan Er

LLMs frequently generate fictitious yet convincing citations, often expressing high confidence even when the underlying reference is wrong. We study this failure across 9 models and 108{,}000 generated references, and find that author names…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yuefei Chen , Yihao Quan , Xiaodong Lin , Ruixiang Tang

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools such as ChatGPT has intensified interest in their role in higher education, particularly in how students perceive and use them and how these perceptions may relate to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Seyma Yaman Kayadibi

ChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot, was released to provide coherent and useful replies based on analysis of large volumes of data. In this article, leading scientists, researchers and engineers discuss the transformative effects of ChatGPT on…

This paper proposes a conceptual framework for understanding AI hallucinations as a distinct form of misinformation. While misinformation scholarship has traditionally focused on human intent, generative AI systems now produce false yet…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Anqi Shao

Generative AI paraphrased text can be used for copyright infringement and the AI paraphrased content can deprive substantial revenue from original content creators. Despite this recent surge of malicious use of generative AI, there are few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Konstantinos Xylogiannopoulos , Petros Xanthopoulos , Panagiotis Karampelas , Georgios Bakamitsos

The evolution of Artificial Intelligence Generated Contents (AIGCs) is advancing towards higher quality. The growing interactions with AIGCs present a new challenge to the data-driven AI community: While AI-generated contents have played a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yifei Gao , Jiaqi Wang , Zhiyu Lin , Jitao Sang

Large language models are increasingly used in scientific writing, yet they can fabricate citation-shaped references that appear plausible but fail bibliographic verification. Existing detectors often reduce verification to binary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mingzhe Li , Zhiqiang Lin , Shiqing Ma

As large language models (LLMs) become embedded in interactive text generation, disclosure of AI as a source depends on people remembering which ideas or texts came from themselves and which were created with AI. We investigate how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Tim Zindulka , Sven Goller , Daniela Fernandes , Robin Welsch , Daniel Buschek

Generative models have shown impressive capabilities in synthesizing high-quality outputs across various domains. However, a persistent challenge is the occurrence of "hallucinations", where the model produces outputs that are plausible but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Changlong Wu , Ananth Grama , Wojciech Szpankowski

The legal profession necessitates a multidimensional approach that involves synthesizing an in-depth comprehension of a legal issue with insightful commentary based on personal experience, combined with a comprehensive understanding of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Shawn Curran , Sam Lansley , Oliver Bethell

The release of ChatGPT in November 2022 prompted a massive uptake of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) across higher education institutions (HEIs). HEIs scrambled to respond to its use, especially by students, looking first to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Nora McDonald , Aditya Johri , Areej Ali , Aayushi Hingle

Interactive chat systems that build on artificial intelligence frameworks are increasingly ubiquitous and embedded into search engines, Web browsers, and operating systems, or are available on websites and apps. Researcher efforts have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Katherine M. FitzGerald , Michelle Riedlinger , Axel Bruns , Stephen Harrington , Timothy Graham , Daniel Angus

This study explores Artificial Intelligence use, specifically ChatGPT, in creating educational content. The study aims to elaborate on using ChatGPT to create course materials. The main objective is to assess the efficiency, quality, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Djaber Rouabhia

Generative AI (GAI) technologies are quickly reshaping the educational landscape. As adoption accelerates, understanding how students and educators perceive these tools is essential. This study presents one of the most comprehensive…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Paulina DeVito , Akhil Vallala , Sean Mcmahon , Yaroslav Hinda , Benjamin Thaw , Hanqi Zhuang , Hari Kalva