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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently exploded in popularity, often matching or outperforming human abilities on many tasks. One of the key factors in training LLMs is the availability and curation of high-quality data. Data quality is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Vlad Negoita , Mihai Masala , Traian Rebedea

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a prominent area of interest across various research domains, including Process Mining (PM). Current applications in PM have predominantly centered on prompt engineering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Rafael Seidi Oyamada , Jari Peeperkorn , Jochen De Weerdt , Johannes De Smedt

Large language models (LLMs) are not amenable to frequent re-training, due to high training costs arising from their massive scale. However, updates are necessary to endow LLMs with new skills and keep them up-to-date with rapidly evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Tongtong Wu , Linhao Luo , Yuan-Fang Li , Shirui Pan , Thuy-Trang Vu , Gholamreza Haffari

Incorporating metadata in Large Language Models (LLMs) pretraining has recently emerged as a promising approach to accelerate training. However prior work highlighted only one useful signal-URLs, leaving open the question of whether other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Dongyang Fan , Diba Hashemi , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Martin Jaggi

Language models achieve impressive performance on a variety of knowledge, language, and reasoning tasks due to the scale and diversity of pretraining data available. The standard training recipe is a two-stage paradigm: pretraining first on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Skyler Seto , Pierre Ablin , Anastasiia Filippova , Jiayuan Ye , Louis Bethune , Angelos Katharopoulos , David Grangier

While large language models (LLMs) often adopt finetuning to unlock their capabilities for downstream applications, our understanding on the inductive biases (especially the scaling properties) of different finetuning methods is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Biao Zhang , Zhongtao Liu , Colin Cherry , Orhan Firat

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold promise in automating data analysis tasks, yet open-source models face significant limitations in these kinds of reasoning-intensive scenarios. In this work, we investigate strategies to enhance the data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuqi Zhu , Yi Zhong , Jintian Zhang , Ziheng Zhang , Shuofei Qiao , Yujie Luo , Lun Du , Da Zheng , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

Instruction tuning plays a critical role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preference. Despite the vast amount of open instruction datasets, naively training a LLM on all existing instructions may not be optimal and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yulei Qin , Yuncheng Yang , Pengcheng Guo , Gang Li , Hang Shao , Yuchen Shi , Zihan Xu , Yun Gu , Ke Li , Xing Sun

Large language models are trained on massive scrapes of the web, as required by current scaling laws. Most progress is made for English, given its abundance of high-quality pretraining data. For most other languages, however, such high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Skyler Seto , Maartje ter Hoeve , Richard He Bai , Natalie Schluter , David Grangier

Large volumes of text data have contributed significantly to the development of large language models (LLMs) in recent years. This data is typically acquired by scraping the internet, leading to pretraining datasets comprised of noisy web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Max Marion , Ahmet Üstün , Luiza Pozzobon , Alex Wang , Marzieh Fadaee , Sara Hooker

Instruction tuning is critical to improve LLMs but usually suffers from low-quality and redundant data. Data filtering for instruction tuning has proved important in improving both the efficiency and performance of the tuning process. But…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ming Li , Yong Zhang , Shwai He , Zhitao Li , Hongyu Zhao , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Tianyi Zhou

Language models (LMs) are machine learning models designed to predict linguistic patterns by estimating the probability of word sequences based on large-scale datasets, such as text. LMs have a wide range of applications in natural language…

Fueled by their remarkable ability to tackle diverse tasks across multiple domains, large language models (LLMs) have grown at an unprecedented rate, with some recent models containing trillions of parameters. This growth is accompanied by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Athanasios Glentis , Jiaxiang Li , Qiulin Shang , Andi Han , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Quan Wei , Mingyi Hong

Large language models (LLM) are advanced AI systems trained on extensive textual data, leveraging deep learning techniques to understand and generate human-like language. Today's LLMs with billions of parameters are so huge that hardly any…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sheikh Azizul Hakim , Saem Hasan

Continual learning (CL) in large language models (LLMs) is an evolving domain that focuses on developing efficient and sustainable training strategies to adapt models to emerging knowledge and achieve robustness in dynamic environments. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Çağatay Yıldız , Nishaanth Kanna Ravichandran , Nitin Sharma , Matthias Bethge , Beyza Ermis

Model merging combines the parameters of multiple neural networks into a single model without additional training. As fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) proliferate, merging offers a computationally efficient alternative to ensembles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Mingyang Song , Mao Zheng

The performance emergence of large language models (LLMs) driven by data scaling laws makes the selection of pre-training data increasingly important. However, existing methods rely on limited heuristics and human intuition, lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Ru Peng , Kexin Yang , Yawen Zeng , Junyang Lin , Dayiheng Liu , Junbo Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable reasoning capabilities and become the foundation of language technologies. Inspired by the great success of code data in training LLMs, we naturally wonder at which training stage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yingwei Ma , Yue Liu , Yue Yu , Yuanliang Zhang , Yu Jiang , Changjian Wang , Shanshan Li

The composition of training data mixtures is critical for effectively training large language models (LLMs), as it directly impacts their performance on downstream tasks. Our goal is to identify an optimal data mixture to specialize an LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Simin Fan , David Grangier , Pierre Ablin