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The relative importance of different initiation mechanisms for coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on the Sun is uncertain. One possible mechanism is the loss of equilibrium of coronal magnetic flux ropes formed gradually by large-scale surface…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 A. R. Yeates , G. D. R. Attrill , Dibyendu Nandy , D. H. Mackay , P. C. H. Martens , A. A. van Ballegooijen

The trajectories of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are often seen to substantially deviate from a purely radial propagation direction. Such deviations occur predominantly in the corona and have been attributed to "channeling" or deflection…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are massive expulsions of magnetised plasma from a star, and are the largest contributors to space weather in the Solar System. CMEs are theorized to play a key role in planetary atmospheric erosion, especially…

Understanding the propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) through interplanetary space is essential for space weather forecasting. Due to observational limitations, measurements of the photospheric polar magnetic fields remain highly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-06 Xiao Zhang , Liping Yang , Xueshang Feng , Hui Tian , Mengxuan Ma , Fang Shen , Jiansen He , Man Zhang , Yufen Zhou , Ziwei Wang , Xinyi Ma , Wangning Zhang

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are powered by magnetic energy stored in electric currents in coronal magnetic fields, with the pre-CME field in balance between outward magnetic pressure of the proto-ejecta and inward magnetic tension from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-21 J. Suzuki , B. T. Welsch , Y. Li

Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun into the corona and interplanetary space. They are the most significant drivers of adverse space weather at Earth and other locations in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-20 Jason P. Byrne

Solar flares are often accompanied by filament/prominence eruptions, sometimes leading to coronal mass ejections (CMEs). By analogy, we expect that stellar flares are also associated with stellar CMEs whose properties are essential to know…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-11 Kosuke Namekata , Hiroyuki Maehara , Satoshi Honda , Yuta Notsu , Daisaku Nogami , Kazunari Shibata

Magnetism defines the complex and dynamic solar corona. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are thought to be caused by stresses, twists, and tangles in coronal magnetic fields that build up energy and ultimately erupt, hurling plasma into…

Stellar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can strip planetary atmospheres, reducing the potential habitability of terrestrial planets. While flares have been observed for decades, stellar CMEs remain elusive. Extreme ultraviolet…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-30 James Paul Mason , Allison Youngblood , Kevin France , Astrid M. Veronig , Meng Jin

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large eruptions of plasma and magnetic field from the low solar corona into interplanetary space. These eruptions are often associated with the acceleration of energetic electrons which produce various…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-20 Eoin P. Carley , Nicole Vilmer , Paulo J. A. Simões , Brían Ó Fearraigh

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on stars other than the Sun have proven very difficult to detect. One promising pathway lies in the detection of type II radio bursts. Their appearance and distinctive properties are associated with the…

AB Dor is a young solar-type star with a surface large-scale magnetic field $10^2$ to $10^3$ times stronger than the that of the Sun. Although strong magnetic fields are thought to inhibit coronal mass ejections (CMEs), dimming signatures…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-02 K. Markus Strickert , Dag Evensberget , Aline A. Vidotto

Stealth coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptions from the Sun that have no obvious low coronal signature. These CMEs are characteristically slower events, but can still be geoeffective and affect space weather at Earth. Therefore,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-11 Jennifer O'kane , Lucie Green , David M. Long , Hamish Reid

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale ejections of magnetized plasma from the Sun and are associated with the most extreme space weather events. The geoeffectiveness of a CME is primarily determined by the southward component of its…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-09 Devojyoti Kansabanik , Angelos Voulidas

Stellar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from host stars are an important factor that affects the habitability of exoplanets. Although their solar counterparts have been well observed for decades, it is still very difficult to find solid…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-20 Zihao Yang , Hui Tian , Yingjie Zhu , Yu Xu , Linyi Chen , Zheng Sun

Solar coronal dimmings have been observed extensively in the past two decades. Due to their close association with coronal mass ejections (CMEs), there is a critical need to improve our understanding of the physical processes that cause…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Meng Jin , Mark C. M. Cheung , Marc L. DeRosa , Nariaki V. Nitta , Carolus J. Schrijver

Flares we observe on stars in white light, UV or soft X-rays are probably harbingers of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). If we use the Sun as a guide, large stellar flares will dissipate two orders of magnitude less X-ray radiative energy…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-18 Jeremy J. Drake , Ofer Cohen , Cecilia Garraffo , Vinay Kashyap

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptive events that cause a solar-type star to shed mass and magnetic flux. CMEs tend to occur together with flares, radio storms, and bursts of energetic particles. On the Sun, CME-related mass loss is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-24 Steven R. Cranmer

Eruptions of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun are usually associated with a number of signatures that can be identified in solar disc imagery. However, there are cases in which a CME that is well observed in coronagraph data is…

We carry out a numerical simulation depicting the effects of a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) event on a close-in giant planet in an extrasolar system. We drive the CME in a similar manner as in simulations of space weather events on Earth.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 O. Cohen , V. L. Kashyap , J. J. Drake , I. V. Sokolov , T. I. Gombosi