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Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) aims to adapt a pre-trained model to a sequence of target domains during the test phase without accessing the source data. To adapt to unlabeled data from unknown domains, existing methods rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jiayao Tan , Fan Lyu , Chenggong Ni , Tingliang Feng , Fuyuan Hu , Zhang Zhang , Shaochuang Zhao , Liang Wang

Data Augmentation (DA) -- enriching training data by adding synthetic samples -- is a technique widely adopted in Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks to improve models performance. Yet, DA has struggled to gain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Chao Wang , Alessandro Finamore , Pietro Michiardi , Massimo Gallo , Dario Rossi

Existing test-time prompt tuning (TPT) methods focus on single-modality data, primarily enhancing images and using confidence ratings to filter out inaccurate images. However, while image generation models can produce visually diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Chun-Mei Feng , Yuanyang He , Jian Zou , Salman Khan , Huan Xiong , Zhen Li , Wangmeng Zuo , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Yong Liu

Acoustic foundation models, fine-tuned for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), suffer from performance degradation in wild acoustic test settings when deployed in real-world scenarios. Stabilizing online Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) under…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Hongfu Liu , Hengguan Huang , Ye Wang

Accurate prediction of the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in intensive care units (ICUs) patients is crucial for timely interventions and resource allocation. However, variability in patient populations, clinical practices,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xiaolei Lu , Shamim Nemati

Retrieval models aim at selecting a small set of item candidates which match the preference of a given user. They play a vital role in large-scale recommender systems since subsequent models such as rankers highly depend on the quality of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Lei Li , Jianxun Lian , Xiao Zhou , Xing Xie

Test-time adaptation (TTA) refers to adapting a trained model to a new domain during testing. Existing TTA techniques rely on having multiple test images from the same domain, yet this may be impractical in real-world applications such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Haoyu Dong , Nicholas Konz , Hanxue Gu , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Deep-learning models have been successful in biomedical image segmentation. To generalize for real-world deployment, test-time augmentation (TTA) methods are often used to transform the test image into different versions that are hopefully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Kangxian Xie , Siyu Huang , Sebastian Andres Cajas Ordonez , Hanspeter Pfister , Donglai Wei

Augmentation is an effective alternative to utilize the small amount of labeled protein data. However, most of the existing work focuses on design-ing new architectures or pre-training tasks, and relatively little work has studied data…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-05 Rui Sun , Lirong Wu , Haitao Lin , Yufei Huang , Stan Z. Li

Spoken Language Models (SLMs) are increasingly central to modern speech-driven applications, but performance degrades under acoustic shift - real-world noise, reverberation, and microphone variation. Prior solutions rely on offline domain…

Benefiting from prompt tuning, recent years have witnessed the promising performance of pre-trained vision-language models, e.g., CLIP, on versatile downstream tasks. In this paper, we focus on a particular setting of learning adaptive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Chun-Mei Feng , Kai Yu , Yong Liu , Salman Khan , Wangmeng Zuo

Video editing is a critical component of content creation that transforms raw footage into coherent works aligned with specific visual and narrative objectives. Existing approaches face two major challenges: temporal inconsistencies due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jianhui Wang , Yinda Chen , Yangfan He , Xinyuan Song , Yi Xin , Dapeng Zhang , Zhongwei Wan , Bin Li , Rongchao Zhang

Test-time adaptation (TTA) methods, which generally rely on the model's predictions (e.g., entropy minimization) to adapt the source pretrained model to the unlabeled target domain, suffer from noisy signals originating from 1) incorrect or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jungsoo Lee , Debasmit Das , Jaegul Choo , Sungha Choi

Textual data augmentation (DA) is a prolific field of study where novel techniques to create artificial data are regularly proposed, and that has demonstrated great efficiency on small data settings, at least for text classification tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Frédéric Piedboeuf , Philippe Langlais

Interactive segmentation (IS) allows users to iteratively refine object boundaries with minimal cues, such as positive and negative clicks. While the Segment Anything Model (SAM) has garnered attention in the IS community for its promptable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Jihun Kim , Hoyong Kwon , Hyeokjun Kweon , Wooseong Jeong , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) adapts pre-trained models using only unlabeled test streams, requiring real-time inference and update without access to source data. We propose StructuralTest-time Alignment of Gradients (STAG), a lightweight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Juhyeon Shin , Yujin Oh , Jonghyun Lee , Saehyung Lee , Minjun Park , Dongjun Lee , Uiwon Hwang , Sungroh Yoon

Sequence-to-Sequence (S2S) models recently started to show state-of-the-art performance for automatic speech recognition (ASR). With these large and deep models overfitting remains the largest problem, outweighing performance improvements…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-04 Thai-Son Nguyen , Sebastian Stueker , Jan Niehues , Alex Waibel

As it is cumbersome and expensive to acquire a huge amount of data for training neural dialog models, data augmentation is proposed to effectively utilize existing training samples. However, current data augmentation techniques on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Xiuying Chen , Mingzhe Li , Jiayi Zhang , Xiaoqiang Xia , Chen Wei , Jianwei Cui , Xin Gao , Xiangliang Zhang , Rui Yan

Pretrained VLMs exhibit strong zero-shot classification capabilities, but their predictions degrade significantly under common image corruptions. To improve robustness, many test-time adaptation (TTA) methods adopt positive data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ruxi Deng , Wenxuan Bao , Tianxin Wei , Jingrui He

Test-time adaptation (TTA) enhances model robustness by enabling adaptation to target distributions that differ from training distributions, improving real-world generalizability. However, most existing TTA approaches focus on adjusting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yewon Han , Seoyun Yang , Taesup Kim