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As Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) scale in multi-tenant cloud and edge-AI environments, the configuration bitstream has become a critical, yet opaque, security boundary. Existing hardware Trojan detection methods often rely on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rye Stahle-Smith , Carter Antley , Jason D. Bakos , Rasha Karakchi

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables the secure offloading of computations to the cloud by providing computation on encrypted data (ciphertexts). HE is based on noisy encryption schemes in which noise accumulates as more computations are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Sangpyo Kim , Jongmin Kim , Michael Jaemin Kim , Wonkyung Jung , Minsoo Rhu , John Kim , Jung Ho Ahn

Embedded RAM blocks (BRAMs) in field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are susceptible to single event effects (SEEs) induced by environmental factors such as cosmic rays, heavy ions, alpha particles and so on. As technology scales, the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-08-03 Zhenlei Yang , Xiaohui Wang , Zhangang Zhang , Jie Liu , Hong Su

In milimeter wave heterogenous networks with integrated access and backhaul (mABHetNets), a considerable part of spectrum resources are occupied by the backhaul link, which limits the performance of the access link. In order to overcome…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Chenwu Zhang , Hancheng Lu , Zhuojia Gu

As capacity and complexity of on-chip cache memory hierarchy increases, the service cost to the critical loads from Last Level Cache (LLC), which are frequently repeated, has become a major concern. The processor may stall for a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Navid Khoshavi , Xunchao Chen , Jun Wang , Ronald F. DeMara

This work presents the first full implementation of Wave, a postquantum code-based signature scheme. We define Wavelet, a concrete Wave scheme at the 128-bit classical security level (or NIST postquantum security Level 1) equipped with a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Gustavo Banegas , Thomas Debris-Alazard , Milena Nedeljković , Benjamin Smith

The migration of computation to the cloud has raised concerns regarding the security and privacy of sensitive data, as their need to be decrypted before processing, renders them susceptible to potential breaches. Fully Homomorphic…

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) changes sequence-model design because rotations, encrypted products, ciphertext materialization, multiplicative depth, and bootstrapping pressure can dominate ordinary neural-network costs. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Luis Brito

Privacy-preserving deep learning addresses privacy concerns in Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) by using Homomorphic Encryption (HE) for linear computations. However, the computational overhead remains a major challenge. While prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yifei Cai , Yizhou Feng , Qiao Zhang , Chunsheng Xin , Hongyi Wu

The hard mathematical problems that assure the security of our current public-key cryptography (RSA, ECC) are broken if and when a quantum computer appears rendering them ineffective for use in the quantum era. Lattice based cryptography is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Archisman Ghosh , Jose Maria Bermudo Mera , Angshuman Karmakar , Debayan Das , Santosh Ghosh , Ingrid Verbauwhede , Shreyas Sen

High-speed long polynomial multiplication is important for applications in homomorphic encryption (HE) and lattice-based cryptosystems. This paper addresses low-latency hardware architectures for long polynomial modular multiplication using…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Weihang Tan , Sin-Wei Chiu , Antian Wang , Yingjie Lao , Keshab K. Parhi

Lattice-based cryptography (LBC) exploiting Learning with Errors (LWE) problems is a promising candidate for post-quantum cryptography. Number theoretic transform (NTT) is the latency- and energy- dominant process in the computation of LWE…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Dai Li , Akhil Pakala , Kaiyuan Yang

Homomorphic Encryption (HE), allowing computations on encrypted data (ciphertext) without decrypting it first, enables secure but prohibitively slow Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) inference for privacy-preserving applications in clouds.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Yuxiao Lu , Jie Lin , Chao Jin , Zhe Wang , Min Wu , Khin Mi Mi Aung , Xiaoli Li

This work presents E-ReCON, a 16 Kb energy and resource-efficient digital compute-in-memory (DCIM) macro based on a compact 3T1R ReRAM bitcell for edge-AI inference. The proposed bitcell occupies only 0.85 um^2 and supports reliable…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ankit Kumar Tenwar , Mukul Lokhande , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Few-shot learning (FSL) mitigates data scarcity in cardiac MRI segmentation but typically relies on semi-supervised techniques sensitive to domain shifts and validation bias, restricting zero-shot generalizability. We propose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-11 Mohamed Elbayumi , Mohammed S. M. Elbaz

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is one of the most promising security solutions to emerging Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS). Leveled-HE (LHE)-enabled Convolutional Neural Networks (LHECNNs) are proposed to implement MLaaS to avoid large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Qian Lou , Lei Jiang

DeepSeek-V3.2 and V4 introduce Compressed Sparse Attention (CSA): a lightning indexer (a learned scoring projection over compressed keys) scores them, the top-k are selected per query, and a sparse attention kernel reads only those. Public…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jaber Jaber , Osama Jaber

Public key cryptography protocols, such as RSA and elliptic curve cryptography, will be rendered insecure by Shor's algorithm when large-scale quantum computers are built. Cryptographers are working on quantum-resistant algorithms, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Utsav Banerjee , Tenzin S. Ukyab , Anantha P. Chandrakasan

The proliferation of long-context large language models (LLMs) exposes a key bottleneck: the rapidly expanding key-value cache during decoding, which imposes heavy memory and latency costs. While recent approaches attempt to alleviate this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Gang Lin , Dongfang Li , Zhuoen Chen , Yukun Shi , Xuhui Chen , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) is a modular, permissioned blockchain widely adopted in enterprise settings. Enhancing its throughput and latency remains challenging, as optimization decisions made in one phase of the transaction lifecycle can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Pavan Sollu , Aniruddha Mukherjee , Divya Pulivarthi , S. R. Eshwar , Gugan Thoppe , Kshitij Pratihast , Tittu Varghese , Hrishikesh Nashikkar , Yogesh Simmhan