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The rapid developments in advanced sensing and imaging bring about a data-rich environment, facilitating the effective modeling, monitoring, and control of complex systems. For example, the body-sensor network captures multi-channel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Jianxin Xie , Bing Yao

An electrocardiogram (ECG) monitors the electrical activity generated by the heart and is used to detect fatal cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Conventionally, to capture the precise electrical activity, clinical experts use multiple-lead…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-07-24 Ekansh Chauhan , Swathi Guptha , Likith Reddy , Bapi Raju

In Romania, cardiovascular problems are the leading cause of death, accounting for nearly one-third of annual fatalities. The severity of this situation calls for innovative diagnosis method for cardiovascular diseases. This article aims to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Andrei Apostol , Maria Nutu

The electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a fundamental tool in cardiac diagnostics, yet its interpretation traditionally reliant on the expertise of cardiologists. The emergence of deep learning has heralded a revolutionary era in medical data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Cheng Ding , Tianliang Yao , Chenwei Wu , Jianyuan Ni

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) rely on accurately decoding electroencephalography (EEG) motor imagery (MI) signals for effective device control. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) outperform Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in this regard,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-03 Htoo Wai Aung , Jiao Jiao Li , Yang An , Steven W. Su

Background:The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most commonly used diagnostic tools in medicine and healthcare. Deep learning methods have achieved promising results on predictive healthcare tasks using ECG signals. Objective:This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-04 Shenda Hong , Yuxi Zhou , Junyuan Shang , Cao Xiao , Jimeng Sun

Deep learning has achieved expert-level performance in automated electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis, yet the "black-box" nature of these models hinders their clinical deployment. Trust in medical AI requires not just high accuracy but also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Vajira Thambawita , Jonas L. Isaksen , Jørgen K. Kanters , Hugo L. Hammer , Pål Halvorsen

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are beneficial in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, which are one of the leading causes of death. However, they are often contaminated by noise artifacts and affect the automatic and manual diagnosis…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-19 Radhika Dua , Jiyoung Lee , Joon-myoung Kwon , Edward Choi

An essential part for the accurate classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is the extraction of informative yet general features, which are able to discriminate diseases. Cardiovascular abnormalities manifest themselves in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-11 Maximilian P Oppelt , Maximilian Riehl , Felix P Kemeth , Jan Steffan

Human walking is a complex activity with a high level of cooperation and interaction between different systems in the body. Accurate detection of the phases of the gait in real-time is crucial to control lower-limb assistive devices like…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Farhad Nazari , Navid Mohajer , Darius Nahavandi , Abbas Khosravi

The classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a crucial role in the development of an automatic cardiovascular diagnostic system. However, considerable variances in ECG signals between individuals is a significant challenge. Changes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-08 Md Niaz Imtiaz , Naimul Khan

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential and effective tool for diagnosing heart diseases. However, its effectiveness can be compromised by noise or unavailability of one or more leads of the standard 12-lead recordings, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Huynh Dang Nguyen , Trong-Thang Pham , Ngan Le , Van Nguyen

In primary diagnosis and analysis of heart defects, an ECG signal plays a significant role. This paper presents a model for the prediction of ventricular tachycardia arrhythmia using noise filtering, a unique set of ECG features, and a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-28 Pampa Howladar , Manodipan Sahoo

Label ambiguity is an inherent problem in real-world electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis, arising from overlapping conditions and diagnostic disagreement. However, current ECG models are trained under the assumption of clean and non-ambiguous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Sana Rahmani , Javad Hashemi , Ali Etemad

Stress has emerged as a critical global health issue, contributing to cardiovascular disorders, depression, and several other long-term illnesses. Consequently, accurate and reliable stress monitoring systems are of growing importance. In…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Md. Mohibbul Haque Chowdhury , Nafisa Anjum , Md. Rokonuzzaman Mim

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is one of the most effective sources of information mainly employed for the diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) connected with the abnormalities in heart rhythm. Clearly, single modality…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-13 Thinh Phan , Duc Le , Patel Brijesh , Donald Adjeroh , Jingxian Wu , Morten Olgaard Jensen , Ngan Le

Heart murmurs provide valuable information about mechanical activity of the heart, which aids in diagnosis of various heart valve diseases. This work does automatic and accurate heart murmur detection from phonocardiogram (PCG) recordings.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Ahmed Patwa , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

We propose two deep neural network architectures for classification of arbitrary-length electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and evaluate them on the atrial fibrillation (AF) classification data set provided by the PhysioNet/CinC Challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Martin Zihlmann , Dmytro Perekrestenko , Michael Tschannen

Electrocardiography (ECG) plays a central role in cardiovascular diagnostics, yet existing automated approaches often struggle to generalize across clinical tasks and offer limited support for open-ended reasoning. We present HeartLLM, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jinning Yang , Wenjie Sun , Wen Shi

Cardiac disease is the leading cause of death in the US. Accurate heart disease detection is of critical importance for timely medical treatment to save patients' lives. Routine use of electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most common method for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-21 Zekai Wang , Stavros Stavrakis , Bing Yao