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Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based embedded systems have become mainstream in the last decade, often in security-sensitive applications. However, even with an authenticated hardware platform, compromised software can severely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Sneha Swaroopa , Venkata Sreekanth Balijabudda , Rajat Subhra Chakraborty , Indrajit Chakrabarti

Disordered photonic structures are promising materials for the realization of physical unclonable functions (PUF), physical objects that can overcome the limitations of conventional digital security methods and that enable cryptographic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Sara Nocentini , Ulrich Rührmair , Mauro Barni , Diederik S. Wiersma , Francesco Riboli

A silicon physically unclonable function (PUF) is considered to be one of the key security system solutions for local devices in an era in which the internet is pervasive. Among many proposals, a PUF using ring oscillators (RO-PUF) has the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-07 Tetsufumi Tanamoto , Shinich Yasuda , Satoshi Takaya , Shinobu Fujita

The scope of this paper is to demonstrate a fully working and compact photonic Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) device capable of operating in real life scenarios as an authentication mechanism and random number generator. For this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-12 M. Akriotou , A. Fragkos , D. Syvridis

Detecting counterfeit integrated circuits (ICs) in unreliable supply chains demands robust tracking and authentication. Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) offer unique IC identifiers, but noise undermines their utility. This study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Fairuz Shadmani Shishir , Md Mashfiq Rizvee , Tanvir Hossain , Tamzidul Hoque , Domenic Forte , Sumaiya Shomaji

Authentication is a fundamental building block of secure quantum networks, essential for quantum cryptographic protocols and often debated as a key limitation of quantum key distribution (QKD) in security standards. Most quantum-safe…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Suchetana Goswami , Mina Doosti , Elham Kashefi

The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the emergence of crowdsensing applications, where a multitude of interconnected devices collaboratively collect and analyze data. Ensuring the authenticity and integrity of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Pedro Miguel Sánchez Sánchez , Alberto Huertas Celdrán , Gérôme Bovet , Gregorio Martínez Pérez

As IoT technologies mature, they are increasingly finding their way into more sensitive domains, such as Medical and Industrial IoT, in which safety and cyber-security are of great importance. While the number of deployed IoT devices…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Emmanuel Lomba , Ricardo Severino , Ana Fernández Vilas

With the emergence of IoT (Internet of things), huge amounts of sensitive data are being processed and transmitted everyday in edge devices with little to no security. Due to their aggressive power management schemes, it is a common and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Mesbah Uddin , Md. Badruddoja Majumder , Md. Sakib Hasan , Garrett S. Rose

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are promising security primitives for resource-constrained IoT devices. And the XOR Arbiter PUF (XOR-PUF) is one of the most studied PUFs, out of an effort to improve the resistance against machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Gaoxiang Li , Khalid T. Mursi , Yu Zhuang

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices demands robust and resource-efficient security solutions. Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs), which generate unique cryptographic keys from inherent hardware variations, offer a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Gaoxiang Li , Yu Zhuang

The future 6G-enabled IoT will facilitate seamless global connectivity among ubiquitous wireless devices, but this advancement also introduces heightened security risks such as spoofing attacks. Physical-Layer Authentication (PLA) has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Rui Meng , Fangzhou Zhu , Xiqi Cheng , Xiaodong Xu , Bizhu Wang , Chen Dong , Bingxuan Xu , Xiaofeng Tao , Ping Zhang

There has been a growing interest in fully integrating Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) for cryptographic primitives, or keyless encryption. Keyless primitives do not store key information during the entire encryption and decryption…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Dina Ghanai Miandoab , Sareh Assiri , Joseph Mihaljevic , Bertrand Cambou

As market wearables are becoming popular with a range of services, including making financial transactions, accessing cars, etc. that they provide based on various private information of a user, security of this information is becoming very…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-28 William Cheung , Sudip Vhaduri

A Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is a device with unique behaviour that is hard to clone hence providing a secure fingerprint. A variety of PUF structures and PUF-based applications have been explored theoretically as well as being…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Myrto Arapinis , Mahshid Delavar , Mina Doosti , Elham Kashefi

Device fingerprinting leverages attributes that capture heterogeneity in hardware and software configurations to extract unique and stable fingerprints. Fingerprinting countermeasures attempt to either present a uniform fingerprint across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Hari Venugopalan , Kaustav Goswami , Zainul Abi Din , Jason Lowe-Power , Samuel T. King , Zubair Shafiq

Physical unclonable functions(PUFs) provide a unique fingerprint to a physical entity by exploiting the inherent physical randomness. Gao et al. discussed the vulnerability of most current-day PUFs to sophisticated machine learning-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Kaushik Chakraborty , Mina Doosti , Yao Ma , Chirag Wadhwa , Myrto Arapinis , Elham Kashefi

As the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes an integral part of critical infrastructure and commercial services, runtime firmware attestation of constituent Micro-Controllers (MCUs) has become instrumental in maintaining security and trust.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Varun Kohli , Biplab Sikdar

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are modern solutions for cheap and secure key storage. The security level strongly depends on a PUF's unpredictability, which is impaired if certain bits of the PUF response tend towards the same value…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Florian Wilde , Michael Pehl

Counterfeit products pose significant risks to public health and safety through infiltrating untrusted supply chains. Among numerous anti-counterfeiting techniques, leveraging inherent, unclonable microscopic irregularities of paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Anirudh Nakra , Nayeeb Rashid , Chau-Wai Wong , Min Wu
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