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We introduce WildBench, an automated evaluation framework designed to benchmark large language models (LLMs) using challenging, real-world user queries. WildBench consists of 1,024 tasks carefully selected from over one million…

Large Language Models for code (code LLMs) have witnessed tremendous progress in recent years. With the rapid development of code LLMs, many popular evaluation benchmarks, such as HumanEval, DS-1000, and MBPP, have emerged to measure the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Linyi Li , Shijie Geng , Zhenwen Li , Yibo He , Hao Yu , Ziyue Hua , Guanghan Ning , Siwei Wang , Tao Xie , Hongxia Yang

As frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly saturate new benchmarks shortly after they are published, benchmarking itself is at a juncture: if frontier models keep improving, it will become increasingly hard for humans to generate…

There is an increasing body of work using Large Language Models (LLMs) as agents for orchestrating workflows and making decisions in domains that require planning and multi-step reasoning. As a result, it is imperative to evaluate LLMs on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Harsha Kokel , Michael Katz , Kavitha Srinivas , Shirin Sohrabi

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain difficult to evaluate comprehensively, particularly for languages other than English, where high-quality data is often limited. Existing benchmarks and leaderboards are predominantly English-centric, with…

Large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in machine learning research agents that can autonomously propose ideas and conduct experiments. However, existing benchmarks predominantly adopt an engineering-oriented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Qiran Zou , Hou Hei Lam , Wenhao Zhao , Yiming Tang , Tingting Chen , Samson Yu , Tianyi Zhang , Chang Liu , Xiangyang Ji , Dianbo Liu

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) to assist clinicians has attracted remarkable attention. Existing works mainly adopt the close-ended question-answering (QA) task with answer options for evaluation. However, many clinical…

We introduce PokerBench - a benchmark for evaluating the poker-playing abilities of large language models (LLMs). As LLMs excel in traditional NLP tasks, their application to complex, strategic games like poker poses a new challenge. Poker,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Richard Zhuang , Akshat Gupta , Richard Yang , Aniket Rahane , Zhengyu Li , Gopala Anumanchipalli

As large language models (LLMs) become high-privilege agents in risk-sensitive settings, they introduce systemic threats beyond hallucination, where minor compliance errors can cause critical data leaks. However, existing benchmarks focus…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jinru Ding , Chao Ding , Yidong Jiang , Wenrao Pang , Boyi Xiao , Zhiqiang Liu , Jiayuan Chen , Yun Zhong , Tiantian Yuan , Junming Guan , Dawei Cheng , Jie Xu

This paper introduces LongBench v2, a benchmark designed to assess the ability of LLMs to handle long-context problems requiring deep understanding and reasoning across real-world multitasks. LongBench v2 consists of 503 challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Yushi Bai , Shangqing Tu , Jiajie Zhang , Hao Peng , Xiaozhi Wang , Xin Lv , Shulin Cao , Jiazheng Xu , Lei Hou , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Juanzi Li

Recent evaluations of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have explored their capabilities in various domains, with only few benchmarks specifically focusing on urban environments. Moreover, existing urban benchmarks have been limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Baichuan Zhou , Haote Yang , Dairong Chen , Junyan Ye , Tianyi Bai , Jinhua Yu , Songyang Zhang , Dahua Lin , Conghui He , Weijia Li

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which integrate language and visual cues for problem-solving, are crucial for advancing artificial general intelligence (AGI). However, current benchmarks for measuring the intelligence of MLLMs…

We introduce MMCL-Bench, a benchmark for multimodal context learning: learning task-local rules, procedures, and empirical patterns from visual or mixed-modality teaching context and applying them to new visual instances. Unlike text-only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yifan Chen , Fei Yin , Qingyan Bai , Zicheng Lin , Yujiu Yang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at general programming but struggle with domain-specific software development, necessitating domain specialization methods for LLMs to learn and utilize domain knowledge and data. However, existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xue Jiang , Ge Li , Jiaru Qian , Xianjie Shi , Chenjie Li , Hao Zhu , Ziyu Wang , Jielun Zhang , Zheyu Zhao , Lingwei Wu , Kechi Zhang , Jia Li , Wenpin Jiao , Zhi Jin , Yihong Dong

Enterprise agents increasingly operate inside scoped retrieval systems, delegated workflows, and policy-constrained evidence environments. In these settings, access control can be enforced correctly while the system still produces an answer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Krti Tallam

While large language models (LLMs) have become the de facto framework for literature-related tasks, they still struggle to function as domain-specific literature agents due to their inability to connect pieces of knowledge and reason across…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Andreas Varvarigos , Ali Maatouk , Jiasheng Zhang , Ngoc Bui , Jialin Chen , Leandros Tassiulas , Rex Ying

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various specialist domains and have been integrated into high-stakes areas such as medicine. However, as existing medical-related benchmarks rarely stress-test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Lin Yang , Yuancheng Yang , Xu Wang , Changkun Liu , Haihua Yang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress on vision-language tasks, yet their reasoning processes remain sometimes unreliable. We introduce PRISM-Bench, a benchmark of puzzle-based visual challenges designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yusu Qian , Cheng Wan , Chao Jia , Yinfei Yang , Qingyu Zhao , Zhe Gan

Test set contamination, wherein test data from a benchmark ends up in a newer model's training set, is a well-documented obstacle for fair LLM evaluation and can quickly render benchmarks obsolete. To mitigate this, many recent benchmarks…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in math and code reasoning capabilities. However, existing code benchmark are limited in their ability to evaluate the full spectrum of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhexu Wang , Yiping Liu , Yejie Wang , Wenyang He , Bofei Gao , Muxi Diao , Yanxu Chen , Kelin Fu , Flood Sung , Zhilin Yang , Tianyu Liu , Weiran Xu