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Related papers: Majority Voting for Code Generation

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Ensemble learning has been widely used in machine learning to improve model robustness, accuracy, and generalization, but has not yet been applied to code generation tasks with large language models (LLMs). We propose an ensemble approach…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Tarek Mahmud , Bin Duan , Corina Pasareanu , Guowei Yang

Majority voting is a simple mathematical function that returns the value that appears most often in a set. As a popular decision fusion technique, the majority voting function (MVF) finds applications in resolving conflicts, where a number…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-19 Sina Aeeneh , Nikola Zlatanov , Jiangshan Yu

The rising cost of acquiring supervised data has driven significant interest in self-improvement for large language models (LLMs). Straightforward unsupervised signals like majority voting have proven effective in generating pseudo-labels…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chunyang Jiang , Yonggang Zhang , Yiyang Cai , Chi-Min Chan , Yulong Liu , Mingming Chen , Wei Xue , Yike Guo

In this study, we propose a non-coherent over-the-air computation scheme to calculate the majority vote (MV) reliably in fading channels. The proposed approach relies on modulating the amplitude of the elements of complementary sequences…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-24 Alphan Sahin , Xiaofeng Wang

Majority voting is considered an effective method to enhance chain-of-thought reasoning, as it selects the answer with the highest "self-consistency" among different reasoning paths (Wang et al., 2023). However, previous chain-of-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Weiqin Wang , Yile Wang , Hui Huang

Selecting a single high-quality output from multiple stochastic generations remains a fundamental challenge for large language models (LLMs), particularly in open-ended tasks where no canonical answer exists. While Best-of-N and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Hyeong Kyu Choi , Sharon Li

LLM code-generation pipelines often sample multiple candidates and select one final answer without access to a complete oracle. Existing pipelines mix textual voting, ranking, and execution-based agreement, but the relative contribution of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shan Jiang , Zijian Yi , Chenguang Zhu

Reliably labelling data typically requires annotations from multiple human workers. However, humans are far from being perfect. Hence, it is a common practice to aggregate labels gathered from multiple annotators to make a more confident…

As software systems grow in scale and complexity, understanding the distribution of programming language topics within source code becomes increasingly important for guiding technical decisions, improving onboarding, and informing tooling…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Michael Zhang , Yuan Tian , Mariam Guizani

A crucial challenge for generative large language models (LLMs) is diversity: when a user's prompt is under-specified, models may follow implicit assumptions while generating a response, which may result in homogenization of the responses,…

Test-time compute has emerged as a powerful paradigm for improving the performance of large language models (LLMs), where generating multiple outputs or refining individual chains can significantly boost answer accuracy. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Sheng Liu , Tianlang Chen , Pan Lu , Haotian Ye , Yizheng Chen , Lei Xing , James Zou

Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing competence in solving mathematical reasoning problems. However, many open-source LLMs still struggle with errors in calculation and semantic understanding during intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Vernon Y. H. Toh , Deepanway Ghosal , Soujanya Poria

Code generation is a core application of large language models (LLMs), yet LLMs still frequently fail on complex programming tasks. Given its success in mathematical reasoning, test-time scaling approaches such as Process Reward Model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ruiyi Zhang , Peijia Qin , Qi Cao , Eric Xue , Pengtao Xie

The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly relies on the quality of the prompts they receive. However, even when processing identical prompts, LLMs can yield varying outcomes due to differences in their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Fouad Trad , Ali Chehab

Distributed learning is commonly used for accelerating model training by harnessing the computational capabilities of multiple-edge devices. However, in practical applications, the communication delay emerges as a bottleneck due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Chanho Park , H. Vincent Poor , Namyoon Lee

Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) answering is a widely used method for evaluating the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, LLMs often exhibit selection bias in MCQ tasks, where their choices are influenced by factors like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Blessed Guda , Lawrence Francis , Gabrial Zencha Ashungafac , Carlee Joe-Wong , Moise Busogi

Function-level code generation leverages foundation Large Language Models (LLMs) to automatically produce source code with expected functionality. It has been widely investigated and applied in intelligent programming assistants, such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Hao Wen , Yueheng Zhu , Chao Liu , Xiaoxue Ren , Weiwei Du , Meng Yan

The hallucination of code generation models hinders their applicability to systems requiring higher safety standards. One critical bottleneck in addressing code hallucination is the difficulty of identifying the functional correctness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jaewoo Jeong , Taesoo Kim , Sangdon Park

Label-free reinforcement learning enables large language models to improve reasoning capabilities without ground-truth supervision, typically by treating majority-voted answers as pseudo-labels. However, we identify a critical failure mode:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Teng Pan , Yuchen Yan , Zixuan Wang , Ruiqing Zhang , Guiyang Hou , Wenqi Zhang , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yongliang Shen

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) represent a new paradigm beyond autoregressive modeling, offering competitive performance while naturally enabling a flexible decoding process. Specifically, dLLMs can generate tokens at arbitrary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sicheng Feng , Zigeng Chen , Xinyin Ma , Gongfan Fang , Xinchao Wang
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