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Related papers: The Proton Radius Puzzle

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The precision of experimental data and analysis techniques is a key feature of any discovery attempt. A striking example is the proton radius puzzle where the accuracy of the spectroscopy of muonic atoms challenges traditional electron…

We determine the root-mean-square proton charge radius, $R_{\rm p}$, from a fit to low-$Q^2$ electron-proton elastic scattering cross section data with the higher moments fixed (within uncertainties) to the values predicted by chiral…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-03-29 Marko Horbatsch , Eric A. Hessels , Antonio Pineda

The measurement of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen and the subsequent emergence of the proton-radius puzzle have motivated an experimental campaign devoted to measuring the Lamb shift in other light muonic atoms, such as muonic deuterium…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-08-29 Chen Ji , Sonia Bacca , Nir Barnea , Oscar Javier Hernandez , Nir Nevo-Dinur

I summarize the dispersion-theoretical analysis of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors. Special emphasis is given on the extraction of the proton charge radius and its relatives, the proton magnetic radius as well as the neutron…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-11 Ulf-G. Meißner

We make a comparison between the energy levels of the hydrogen atom, calculated by using standard methods, and that by using a modified Coulomb potential due to the interaction between the magnetic moments of the proton and electron. In…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2014-07-09 Voicu Dolocan

We present a new measurement of the $1S-3S$ two-photon transition frequency of hydrogen, realized with a continuous-wave excitation laser at 205 nm on a room-temperature atomic beam, with a relative uncertainty of $9\times10^{-13}$. The…

We compute the Coulomb distortion produced by an expanding and highly charged fireball on the spectra of low transverse momenta and mid rapidity pions produced in central high energy heavy ion collisions. We compare to data on Au+Au at…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Alejandro Ayala , Sangyong Jeon , Joseph Kapusta

Conceptually, radii are amongst the simplest Poincar\'e-invariant properties that can be associated with hadrons and light nuclei. Accurate values of these quantities are necessary so that one may judge the character of putative solutions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-12-07 Zhu-Fang Cui , Daniele Binosi , Craig D. Roberts , Sebastian M. Schmidt

It is suggested that proton elastic scattering on atomic electrons allows a precise measurement of the proton charge radius. Very small values of transferred momenta (up to four order of magnitude smaller than the ones presently available)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 G. I. Gakh , A. Dbeyssi , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson , D. Marchand , V. V. Bytev

The charge radius of the proton is typically determined from electron-proton scattering by extracting the proton's electric form factor and then making use of the derivative of that form factor at zero four-momentum transfer. Unfortunately,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-02-16 Benjamin Boone , Michael Chen , Kevin Sturm , Justin Yoo , Douglas Higinbotham

I discuss the scope and naturalness of the proton mass decomposition (or sum rule) published in PRL74, 1071 (1995) and answer a few criticisms that appeared recently in the literature, focusing particularly on its interpretation and the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-09 Xiangdong Ji

We present calculations of nuclear structure effects to the Lamb shift in light muonic atoms. We adopt a modern ab-initio approach by combining state-of-the-art nuclear potentials with the hyperspherical harmonics method. Our calculations…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-05-03 Chen Ji , Oscar Javier Hernandez , Nir Nevo Dinur , Sonia Bacca , Nir Barnea

The proton radius puzzle, i.e. the large discrepancy in the extraction of the proton charge radius between regular and muonic hydrogen, challenges our understanding of the structure of the proton. It can also be an indication of a new force…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-07-13 Steven P. Dye , Matthew Gonderinger , Gil Paz

We measure the difference in the scattering probability when an experiment scattering longitudinally polarized 221 MeV protons from liquid hydrogen is replaced by its mirror image. The result depends on the interplay between the weak and…

Popular Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 W. D. Ramsay

High-energy cosmic rays are observed indirectly by detecting the extensive air showers initiated in Earth's atmosphere. The interpretation of these observations relies on accurate models of air shower physics, which is a challenge and an…

The possible cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio was estimated by measuring the H_2 wavelengths in the high-resolution spectrum of the quasar Q~0347-382. Our analysis yielded an estimate for the possible deviation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Ivanchik , P. Petitjean , E. Rodriguez , D. Varshalovich

Fundamental physics could be described as having a muon problem. Discrepancies between theory and experiment in a number of muonic measurements ($r_P$, $a_\mu$, $H\rightarrow\mu\tau$, $\mathcal{R}_K$, $\mathcal{R}_{D^*}$) have been observed…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-01 Henry Lamm

The hydrogen atom as relativistic bound-state system of a proton and an electron in the complex-mass scheme is investigated. Interaction of a proton and an electron in the atom is described by the Lorentz-scalar Coulomb potential; the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-19 Mikhail N. Sergeenko

One of the key assumptions of the Standard Model of fundamental particles is that the interactions of the charged leptons, namely electrons, muons, and taus, differ only because of their different masses. While precision tests have not…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2018-12-05 Vera Lüth

The rms-radius $R$ of the proton charge distribution is a fundamental quantity needed for precision physics. This radius, traditionally determined from elastic electron-proton scattering via the slope of the Sachs form factor $G_e(q^2)$…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2018-01-08 Ingo Sick