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An increasingly common setting in machine learning involves multiple parties, each with their own data, who want to jointly make predictions on future test points. Agents wish to benefit from the collective expertise of the full set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Celestine Mendler-Dünner , Wenshuo Guo , Stephen Bates , Michael I. Jordan

Certain causal models involving unmeasured variables induce no independence constraints among the observed variables but imply, nevertheless, inequality contraints on the observed distribution. This paper derives a general formula for such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Judea Pearl

This paper proposes an overidentifying restriction test for high-dimensional linear instrumental variable models. The novelty of the proposed test is that it allows the number of covariates and instruments to be larger than the sample size.…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-05-08 Qingliang Fan , Zijian Guo , Ziwei Mei

We present a class of inequality constraints on the set of distributions induced by local interventions on variables governed by a causal Bayesian network, in which some of the variables remain unmeasured. We derive bounds on causal effects…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Changsung Kang , Jin Tian

We consider functional linear regression models where functional outcomes are associated with scalar predictors by coefficient functions with shape constraints, such as monotonicity and convexity, that apply to sub-domains of interest. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-09 Kyunghee Han , Yeonjoo Park , Soo-Young Kim

We give analytic methods for nonparametric bias reduction that remove the need for computationally intensive methods like the bootstrap and the jackknife. We call an estimate {\it $p$th order} if its bias has magnitude $n_0^{-p}$ as $n_0…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-03-18 Christopher S. Withers , Saralees Nadarajah

We seek to improve estimates of the power spectrum covariance matrix from a limited number of simulations by employing a novel statistical technique known as shrinkage estimation. The shrinkage technique optimally combines an empirical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Adrian C. Pope , István Szapudi

We investigate popular resampling methods for estimating the uncertainty of statistical models, such as subsampling, bootstrap and the jackknife, and their performance in high-dimensional supervised regression tasks. We provide a tight…

This paper studies a potential outcome model with a continuous or discrete outcome, a discrete multi-valued treatment, and a discrete multi-valued instrument. We derive sharp, closed-form testable implications for a class of restrictions on…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-19 Yuehao Bai , Shunzhuang Huang , Max Tabord-Meehan

Instrumental variable methods are widely used in medical and social science research to draw causal conclusions when the treatment and outcome are confounded by unmeasured confounding variables. One important feature of such studies is that…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-25 Bo Zhang , Siyu Heng , Emily J. MacKay , Ting Ye

Semiparametric models are often considered for analyzing longitudinal data for a good balance between flexibility and parsimony. In this paper, we study a class of marginal partially linear quantile models with possibly varying…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-11-19 Huixia Judy Wang , Zhongyi Zhu , Jianhui Zhou

I review recent work in the statistics literature on instrumental variables methods from an econometrics perspective. I discuss some of the older, economic, applications including supply and demand models and relate them to the recent…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-10-02 Guido W. Imbens

Variational inference is a powerful tool for approximate inference. However, it mainly focuses on the evidence lower bound as variational objective and the development of other measures for variational inference is a promising area of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Michael Figurnov , Kirill Struminsky , Dmitry Vetrov

We apply the methods developed by Lockhart et al. (2013) and Taylor et al. (2013) on significance tests for penalized regression to forward stepwise model selection. A general framework for selection procedures described by quadratic…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-16 Joshua R. Loftus , Jonathan E. Taylor

Testing independence is of significant interest in many important areas of large-scale inference. Using extreme-value form statistics to test against sparse alternatives and using quadratic form statistics to test against dense alternatives…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-31 Danning Li , Lingzhou Xue

The empirical literature on program evaluation limits its scope almost exclusively to models where treatment effects are homogenous for observationally identical individuals. This paper considers a treatment effect model in which treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-20 Jason Abrevaya , Haiqing Xu

We offer straightforward theoretical results that justify incorporating machine learning in the standard linear instrumental variable setting. The key idea is to use machine learning, combined with sample-splitting, to predict the treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-06-22 Jiafeng Chen , Daniel L. Chen , Greg Lewis

The method of instrumental variables provides a fundamental and practical tool for causal inference in many empirical studies where unmeasured confounding between the treatments and the outcome is present. Modern data such as the genetical…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-28 Ziang Niu , Yuwen Gu , Wei Li

This paper proposes computationally efficient methods that can be used for instrumental variable quantile regressions (IVQR) and related methods with statistical guarantees. This is much needed when we investigate heterogenous treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-09-06 Yinchu Zhu

We suggest a dependence coefficient between a categorical variable and some general variable taking values in a metric space. We derive important theoretical properties and study the large sample behaviour of our suggested estimator.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Siegfried Hörmann , Daniel Strenger-Galvis